Context of Mexican Revolution
The dictator was overthrown by someone, who is also overthrown by a worse and undemocratic person. Wilson didn’t acknowledge him. We engaged in “watchful waiting, occupied Veracruz, then left. Carranza took over and was recognized. Then Pancho Villa enters the picture.
Pancho Villa
nationalist that opposed Carranza and eventually America in general when they supported Carranza. He avoided the US military.
John Pershing
was in charge of the expeditionary force that Wilson sent to capture Pancho Villa
Wilhelm II
last emperor of Germany, pushed for production of their Navy.
Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
Alliance: Germany, Italy (later switched) and Austria-Hungary
Entente: France, Russia, and Britain
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
unexpected heir to Austria-Hungarian Empire. Disliked by most people, and married a non royal. his assassination was the spark for WWI
U Boat
early German submarine, mostly used for economic warfare, raiding, and enforcing blockades.
Luistania
A civilian ship that was torpedoed with Americans on board (also secret ammunition) US was angry, and Germany agreed not to sink passenger ships without warning.
Robert Lansing
pushed for freedom of seas and war on Germany
Bolshevism
Revolutionary Marxist movement in Russia, killed royals. Russia’s issues meant that Germany had less to worry about.
Committee on Public Information
independent issues meant to influence public opinion to support WWI (propaganda)
Fourteen Points
Wilson’s plan/promise for WWI
Self determination
right for people to chose government. opposes imperialism, monarchies, and communism
selective service act
compulsory enlistment/draft, males 21-30 had to register
-women then took over jobs
Great Migration
many African Americans moved North to work in factories
Huns
portrayed Germans as barbarians (term by British)
Espionage Act and Sedition Act
punished those who spoke against the war (often labor leaders)
Oliver Wendell Holmes
Judge of the Schneck vs US case.
-distributed anti-war flyers, was sent to jail.
American Civil Liberties Union
ACLU, legal support for consciousness objectors (people who didn’t want to fight such as Quakers). They supported freedom of speech in all scenarios.
