Role allocation
How people get placed into social positions.
Status
A position in society.
Role
What you’re expected to do in a status.
Status-role
A social position plus its expectations.
Role conflict
When two roles demand different things at the same time.
Ascription
Getting roles based on qualities you’re born with.
Achievement
Getting roles based on performance or ability.
Class
A group with similar money, education, job, and lifestyle.
Stratification
Society’s ranking of people into classes
Class & Opportunity
Higher class = more chances; lower class = fewer chances.
Adaptation
Society must motivate people to work.
Unequal Rewards
Used to motivate people to do necessary jobs.
Wealth
Money or property you already have.
Income
Money you earn.
Legitimating Ideology
Beliefs explaining why people are rich or poor.
Global Stratification
Ranking nations by wealth, power, and prestige.
Colonialism
Strong nations taking resources and labor from weaker ones.
Environmental Sociology
How society and the environment affect each other.
Sustainable Environment
Using resources without harming the future.
Major Polluters
Rich nations produce most pollution.
Prejudice
A negative attitude about a group.
Stereotype
A simplified, inaccurate belief about a group.
Discrimination
Unfair treatment of a group.
Institutional Discrimination
Unequal treatment built into society’s systems.
