Unit 2

Question 1

1. What Supergroup does Kingdom Plantae Belong to + Characteristics?

Answer 1

Archaeoplastica: Engulfed a Cyanobacteria

Question 2

1. Characteristics Specific to the plants

Answer 2

1. Multicellular
2. Autotrophs
3. Nutrients by Photosynthesis
4. Plastids: Chlorophyll A & B & Carotenoids
5. Cell Walls: Cellulose

Question 3

1. Adaptations to move onto Land

Answer 3

1. Sporopollenins: Prevents Drying Out
2. Waxy Cuticles
3. Gametangia

Question 4

1. When Did Plants first show up in fossil records?

Answer 4

500 million years ago

Question 5

2. How is the thallus flattened in Hepatophyta?

Answer 5

Dorsoventrally

Question 6

2. What generation is Hepatophyta?

Answer 6

Gametophytes

Question 7

3. The function of the upper section of the thallus

Answer 7

Photosynthesis

Question 8

3. The function of the lower section of the thallus

Answer 8

Water Absorption

Question 9

3. Rhizoid vs Scale

Answer 9

Single-Celled vs. Multicellular

Question 10

3. The function of the air chambers surrounding the chlorophyll-bearing Cells

Answer 10

Water Absorption

Question 11

4. What does Antheridia Produce?

Answer 11

Sperm

Question 12

4. What does Archegonia Produce?

Answer 12

Egg

Question 13

6. The Function of the Elaters? How do they work?

Answer 13

Dispersal: Humidity flings the spores away

Question 14

6. Hepatophyta n / 2n?

Answer 14

Diploid

Question 15

6. Sporophyte is attached to a gametophyte. What is its sex?

Answer 15

Female

Question 16

7. How are Gemmae Dispersed in Hepatophyta?

Answer 16

Rains & Water splashes the gemmae out of the cup

Question 17

8. Is there vein system in the Leaves for Bryophyta?

Answer 17

No

Question 18

8. What generation is Bryophyta

Answer 18

Gametophyte

Question 19

14. Conducting tissues of Vascular Plants:

Answer 19

Xylem and Phloem, Found 385 Million Years Ago

Question 20

14. Lycophtya Characteristics

Answer 20

True Stems, Roots, Leaves

Question 21

15. What generation is Lycophyta?

Answer 21

Sporophytes

Question 22

15. Microphylls

Answer 22

Small leaves with One Vein

Question 23

15. Sporophylls

Answer 23

Specialized leaves that produce sporangia

Question 24

16. Pterophyta Characteristics

Answer 24

Only have True Stems

Question 25

16. Pterophyta Generation

Answer 25

Sporophyte

Question 26

17. Vascular characteristics in Pterophyta- Sphenophyta

Answer 26

True Roots, Stems, Leaves

Question 27

17. Generation of Sphenophyta

Answer 27

Sporophytes

Question 28

17. Substance Found

Answer 28

Silica

Question 29

17. Strobili

Answer 29

Small Cones at the tips of stems

Question 30

18. Vascular characteristics in Pterophyta- Ferns

Answer 30

True Roots, Stems, Leaves

Question 31

18. Generation of Ferns

Answer 31

Sporophytes

Question 32

18. Megaphylls

Answer 32

Larger Leaves with more than one vein

Question 33

18. Fiddle heads, Circinate Vernation

Answer 33

Rolled up Leaves / Type of Coiling

Question 34

20. Heavy Walled Brownish Cells

Answer 34

Annulus

Question 35

20. Cells that are open ends of the Annulus

Answer 35

Lip Cells

Question 36

20. Prothallus

Answer 36

Single Type but develop into a gametophyte with both sex organs

Question 37

20. Monoecious

Answer 37

What Ferns give Rise to

Question 38

21. Rhizoids

Answer 38

Absorption and Anchorage

Question 39

21. Archegonia grow

Answer 39

Sporophyte

Question 40

22. What happens to gametophyte prothallus after sporophyte begins to grow?

Answer 40

Eventually die off

Question 41

23. Characteristics of Seed Plants

Answer 41

1. All multicellular Eukaryotes 2. Autotrophs 3. Plastids 4. Walls Consisting of Cellulose

Question 42

23. When did seed plants first appear in the fossil record?

Answer 42

360 million years ago

Question 43

24. Cycadophyta shows

Answer 43

the first true secondary growth

Question 44

25. Ginkgophyta

Answer 44

Only male are planted because its messy with foul smell. Originally from China

Question 45

26. Gnetophyta

Answer 45

Produces Epinderine, Raises heart and blood pressure. Has Vessel Elements

Question 46

28. Male Cones

Answer 46

Produce 4 Haploid microspores

Question 47

29. Wings serve as

Answer 47

Dispersal

Question 48

30. Which cell produces 2 Sperm Cells

Answer 48

Spermatogeneous Cell

Question 49

31. What does Megaspore Produce?

Answer 49

4 Megaspores

Question 50

31. Function of Nucellus?

Answer 50

Nutrition

Question 51

31. What do the megaspores develop into?

Answer 51

Female Gametophyte

Question 52

32. Which structure are haploid?

Answer 52

Archegonium & 2 Eggs

Question 53

32. Which structures are diploid?

Answer 53

Nucellus and Integument

Question 54

33. Function of the Nucellus

Answer 54

Food Source

Question 55

33. Function of the Cotyledons

Answer 55

Food Source

Question 56

33. What does Hypocotyl Develop into?

Answer 56

Shoot System

Question 57

33. What does Radicle Develop into?

Answer 57

Root System

Question 58

35. Epigynous

Answer 58

Over

Question 59

35. Perigynous

Answer 59

Side

Question 60

35. Hypogynous

Answer 60

Under

Question 61

36. Parietal

Answer 61

Top

Question 62

36. Axile

Answer 62

Middle

Question 63

36.Free-Central

Answer 63

Bottom

Question 64

38. Cross Pollination

Answer 64

Transfer of pollen from one individual plant to another

Question 65

38. Most Common Method to prevent flowers from pollinating themselves

Answer 65

Self-incompatibility

Question 66

38. Three Nuclei may be seen at

Answer 66

The Style

Question 67

41. What happens to the antipodals after fertilization?

Answer 67

Disappears

Question 68

41. What happens to the polar nuclei after fertilization?

Answer 68

Join with a sperm to produce endosperm

Question 69

41. What happens to synergids after fertilization

Answer 69

Disappears

Question 70

41. Why is it called double fertilization

Answer 70

Fertilizes twice

Question 71

43. Different Types of Dispersal Mechanisms

Answer 71

Animals / Humans