Chromatin
Chromatin: collective term for all of the DNA and associated proteins in a cell nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Nuclear envelope: double membrane that constitutes the outer boundary of the nucleus. Pore in the membrane control which molecule can cross it
Nucleolus
Nucleolus: in a cell nucleus, a dense, irregularly shaped region rich in proteins and nucleic acids; site of ribosome subunit assembly
Nucleoplasm
Nucleoplasm: viscous fluid inside the nucleus
Central vacuole:
Central vacuole: very large fluid filled vesicle of plant cells
Endomembrane system
Endomembrane system: multifunctional network of membrane-enclosed organelles (ER, Golgi, Vesicles)
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER): system of sacs and tubes that is a continuous extension of the nuclear envelope. Smooth ER makes phospholipids, stores calcium, and has additional function, ribosomes on the surface of the rough ER make proteins.
Golgi body
Golgi body: organelle that modifies proteins and lipids then packages the finished products into vesicles.
Lysosome
Lysosome: enzyme-filled vesicle that breaks down cellular wastes and debris
Peroxisome
Peroxisome: enzyme-filled vesicle that breaks down molecules and has other specialized functions in animal organs
Vacuole
Vacuole: large, fluid-filled vesicle that isolates waste, debris, toxins, or food
Vesicle
Vesicle: saclike, membrane-enclosed organelle; different kinds store, transport, or break down their contents
Chloroplast
Chloroplast: organelle of photosynthesis in the cells of plants and photosynthetic protists
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion: double-membraned organelle that produces ATP by aerobic respiration in eukaryotes
Plastid
Plastid: one of several types of double-membraned organelles in plants and algal cells; for example a chloroplast or amyoplast
Basal cortex
Basal cortex: organelle that develops form a centriole
Cell cortex
Cell cortex: region of cytoplasm just inside the plasma membrane; often contains a mesh of microfilaments and associated proteins
