Unit 2 Review

Question 0

Describe the relationship between the Patricians and plebeians?

Answer 0

2. Patron/client relationship, patron’s a.k.a patricians provided legal and economic protection and assistance to plebeians in return for political support.

Question 1

Where did the power reside in the roman republic?

Answer 1

1. Senate

Question 2

How did the Romans gain the loyalty of the people of Italy?

Answer 2

3. Granting of citizenship

Question 3

What did administration look like once the Romans took over a foreign land

Answer 3

4. Senators were dispatched as governors to the provinces. Governors were responsible for defense, tax collection, and the deciding of legal cases
   Indigenous elite willing to cooperate given considerable autonomy

Question 4

Who was the Emperor responsible for reorganizing Roman government after 31 B.C.E.?

Answer 4

5. Ocatvian, a.k.a. Augustus

Question 5

The safety and stability of the Roman empire was called what?

Answer 5

6. Pax Romana

Question 6

212CE , emperor Caracalla granted citizenship to all free adult male inhabitants of the Empire. Prior to 212CE how did many people become citizens?

Answer 6

7. Could gain citizenship by: 26 years of military service as reward for good service

Question 7

Why was becoming a Christian considered an act of disloyalty in the Roman empire?

Answer 7

8. Christians refused to worship the emperor and only worshiped the one true god

Question 8

What invention revolutionize construction of large structures and Rome?

Answer 8

9. Arches

Question 9

What was the most visible symptom of Rome’s “third century crisis”?

Answer 9

10. Frequent change of rulers

Question 10

What city became the new capital of the Roman empire?

Answer 10

11. Byzantium(renamed Constantinople)

Question 11

What state one out after the warring states period to be the first to create a Unified China?

Answer 11

12. Qin

Question 12

Who was included in the Chinese family?

Answer 12

13. Included living generations but also all the previous generations of ancestors

Question 13

Describe the hierarchical social order envisioned by Confucius and it’s purpose?

Answer 13

14. People saw themselves as part of an interdependent unit rather than as individual units. Absolute authority rested with the father. Hierarchy in state mirrored hierarchy in family.

Question 14

In the confucian views a woman’s roles what are the three submissions

Answer 14

15. 3 Submissions: a) to parents b) to husband c) to son

Question 15

What does Shi Huangdi mean?

Answer 15

16. First emperor

Question 16

Explain at least three actions taken by the Qin to further unify China

Answer 16

17. A. mobilized manpower for construction of flood controls B. abolished slavery and took steps to create a free peasantry C. commitment to standardization

Question 17

How did the early Han view legalism? What did they do to change it?

Answer 17

18. Had less fanatical zeal about legalism; tempered it with Confucianism

Question 18

What was the urban capital of the Han government?

Answer 18

19. Chang’an

Question 19

What was the guiding philosophy of the new gentry class and how do they operate?

Answer 19

20. Instituted the civil service examination and modified Confucianism that provided a system for training officials to be intellectually capable and morally worthy; it also set forth a code of conduct for measuring officials performance

Question 20

Why do you think Taoism so popular among the people?

Answer 20

21. Daoism popular because it focused more on nature and one’s own self. It rejected hierarchy and questioned old beliefs telling people to find their own path

Question 21

What are 3 innovations of the Han?

Answer 21

22. horse collar, steel, watermill

Question 22

What was the leading export of China during the Han reign?

Answer 22

Silk

Question 23

List 4 reason for the decline of the Han Empire

Answer 23

24.

1) factional intrigues within the ruling clan
2) official corruption and inefficiency
3) uprisings of peasants
4) spread of banditry

Question 24

What are the three topographical zones of the Indian subcontinent?

Answer 24

25. 1) the mountainous northern zone 2) great basins of the rivers 3) and peninsula

Question 25

Describe the climate of India?

Answer 25

26. Tropical monsoon; alternating seasons

Question 26

How was the family organized during the Vedic period

Answer 26

27. Patriarchal families, Father dominated family

Question 27

What two groups were rivals and engaged in warfare during the Vedic Period

Answer 27

28. Aryas vs Dasas or light skins vs dark skins

Question 28

What was the organization of jati?

Answer 28

29. Jati = birth groups. Each jati had its proper occupations, duties, and rituals. Lived with members of their groups, married members of their group, ate only with members of their group

Question 29

The type of body one inherited after reincarnation depended on what?

Answer 29

30. Karma

Question 30

Who control the process and technology of sacrifice

Answer 30

31. Brahmin priests

Question 31

What was the most important tenet of Jainism

Answer 31

32. Nonviolence

Question 32

List the Four Noble Truths

Answer 32

33. 1) suffering exists 2) suffering is caused by desire 3) end suffering by ending desire 4) follow the 8-fold path

Question 33

What was the ultimate reward of Buddhism and how did one reach it?

Answer 33

34. Nirvana, reached by finding a state of perpetual tranquility

Question 34

What were bodhisattvas?

Answer 34

35. Men and women who achieved enlightenment but chose to be reborn into mortal bodies to help others on their path

Question 35

What are the main gods in Hinduism?

Answer 35

36. Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva

Question 36

How did Hinduism worship

Answer 36

37. Worship centers on temples, puja -service to the deity

Question 37

What waterway did the Hindus consider sacred and what did they do there?

Answer 37

38. Ganges river, here they bathe and receive the purifying powers of its waters

Question 38

List 4 ways/methods that the government secured support and power

Answer 38

39. 1) standard coinage 2) tax on harvest 3) large imperial army 4) royal control of mines, shipbuilding, etc.

Question 39

What was Ashoka's philosophy once he converted to Buddhism?

Answer 39

40. Nonviolence, morality, moderation, and religious tolerance

Question 40

What are the two greatest Indian Epics?

Answer 40

41. Ramayana and Mahabharata

Question 41

In comparison to the Mauryan, what did the Gupta gov. look like?

Answer 41

42. Administrative bureaucracy and intelligence network smaller and less pervasive, governors exploited the populace, distant subordinate kingdoms

Question 42

In the area of mathematics what are 2 development we attribute to the Gupta

Answer 42

43. Arabic numerals and Concept of zero

Question 43

What happened to women rights under the Gupta? Why?

Answer 43

44. Status of women declined, male control over women grew, couldn’t own or inherit property

Question 44

What was the practice of sati

Answer 44

45. The ritual of a widow cremating herself on her husbands funeral pyre.

Question 45

Who were the Gupta main trading partners?

Answer 45

46. Southeast and East Asia

Question 46

What was a primary reason for the collapse of the Gupta?

Answer 46

47. Nomadic invaders – the Hun

Question 47

What is the climate of Southeast Asia? Describe the geographic qualities

Answer 47

48. Indochina mainland, Malay Peninsula, thousands of islands, rainforests, tropical climate

Question 48

What kinds of plants and animals thrived in Southeast Asia

Answer 48

49. Wet rice, , soybeans, cane sugar, yams, bananas, coconuts, chicken and pigs

Question 49

List 4 navigation skills mastered by the Malay

Answer 49

50. 1)could ride monsoon winds 2) extensive knowledge of bird and sea life 3) created double outrigger canoes 4)interpret patterns of swells, winds, clouds