Unit 2 test

Question 1

Solar Incidence

Answer 1

How much solar radiation is striking the earth. Determined by sun angle.

Question 2

Solar Duration

Answer 2

the amount of time an area receives sun. Determined by latitude.

Question 3

Higher latitudes

Answer 3

Near poles, low sun angles, cool climate

Question 4

Lower latitudes

Answer 4

near equator, high sun angles, warm climate

Question 5

Winter Solstice

Answer 5

Dec. 21st (shortest day of the year) shortest day; hemisphere titled most away from the sun

Question 6

Summer Solstice

Answer 6

June 21st (longest day of the year) longest day; hemisphere titled most toward the sun.

Question 7

Waxing

Answer 7

appears larger

Question 8

Waning

Answer 8

appears smaller

Question 9

Moon phases in order

Answer 9

new moon
waxing crescent
first quarter
waxing gibbous
full moon
waning gibbous
third quarter
waning crescent

Question 10

Solar eclipse

Answer 10

occurs during a new moon, moon blocks sunlight from reaching earth.

Question 11

Lunar Eclipse

Answer 11

occurs during a full moon, earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon.

Question 12

Penumbra

Answer 12

partial eclipse

Question 13

Umbra

Answer 13

total eclipse

Question 14

Spring tide

Answer 14

occurs during a new moon and full moon. Combined gravity of sum and moon. Higher high tide and lower low tide.

Question 15

Neap tide

Answer 15

Occurs during 1st and 3rd quarter moons. Sun and moon are pulling in different directions, More moderate low and high tides.

Question 16

Inner Planets

Answer 16

smaller, shorter revolutions, longer rotations, solid/rocky, few moons, no rings.

Question 17

Outer planets

Answer 17

large, many moons, longer revolutions, shorter rotations,gaseous, supports ring system.

Question 18

solar system

Answer 18

formed from a rotating disk of gas and dust.

Question 19

Oort Cloud

Answer 19

Trillions of comets, very sparce, defines the boundary of our solar system.

Question 20

The Sun

Answer 20

our star, center of our solar system, made of gas.

Question 21

Asteroid Belt

Answer 21

over 100,000 asteroids, 1 dwarf planet (CERES)

Question 22

Kuiper Belt

Answer 22

area past the orbit of Neptune filled with icy bodies, contains 4 dwarf planets ex) Pluto.

Question 23

Asteroid

Answer 23

a small rocky object that orbits the Sun. Most are irregularly shaped and smaller than planets.

Question 24

Asteroid Belt

Answer 24

A region of space between Mars and Jupiter where most asteroids in our solar system are found.

Question 25

Comet

Answer 25

an icy object that orbits the Sun. When it gets close to the sun, the ice and dust heat up and form a glowing tail that points away from the sun.

Question 26

Meteoroid

Answer 26

A small rock or piece of debris in space, usually much smaller than an asteroid.

Question 27

Meteor

Answer 27

The streak of light we see in the sky when a meteoroid burns up as it enters Earth's atmosphere. (Often called a "shooting star").

Question 28

Meteorite

Answer 28

A meteoroid that survives it's journey through the atmosphere and actually lands on Earth's surface.

Question 29

Gravitational Collapse

Answer 29

gravity pulls matter inward, starting solar system formation

Question 30

New Moon

Answer 30

Moon between Earth and Sun; lit side faces away, not visible

Question 31

Direct sunlight

Answer 31

Higher sun angle delivers more concentrated energy to the surface

Question 32

Jovian Planets

Answer 32

Larger, further out, gas, many moons, rings

Question 33

Planetismals

Answer 33

kilometer-scale building blocks of mars

Question 34

Full Moon

Answer 34

Earth between sun and moon;entire near side illuminated

Question 35

Axial Tilt (23.5 degrees)

Answer 35

Earth's tilt causes seasonal changes in sunlight angle and duration

Question 36

Tides

Answer 36

Regular rise and fall of water levels as Earth rotates through tidal bulges

Question 37

Equinox

Answer 37

equal day and night; sun over equator

Question 38

Tidal Range

Answer 38

height difference between high and low tides

Question 39

Nebula

Answer 39

cold cloud of dust and gas where stars and planets form

Question 40

Accretion

Answer 40

particles collide and stick, forming larger bodies