Endogamy
Marriage within a particular group
Exogamy
Marriage outside the group
Patrilocal
Married couple lives in the locality associated with the husband’s father’s relatives.
Matrilocal
Married couple lives in the locality associated with the wife’s relatives.
Ambilocal
Married couple may choose either matrilocal or patrilocal residence.
Neolocal
Married couples may establish their household in a location apart from either the husbands or the wife’s relative
Polygamy
More than one spouse
Polygyny
multiple wives, one husband
Polyandry
Multiple husbands, one wife
Polyamorous marriage
Union between three or more consenting adults.
Co-marriage
Partnership not permanent, but as strong as kinship.
Fictive marriage/Ghost marriage
Marriage by proxy to the symbols of someone not physically present to establish social status of a spouse and heirs.
Consanguineal
Related by genetics (blood relatives)
Affinal
Related by marriage
Unilineal
Establishes group membership through mothers or fathers line, but not both.
Matrilineal
Traced exclusively via the female line to establish group membership.
Patrilineal
Traced exclusively via the male line to establish group membership.
Social Stratification
Hierarchical divisions in society are arranged based on access to wealth, power and prestige.
Open Stratification System
- Equal Opportunity
- Can move up or down in status
Closed Stratification System
- Inheritance determines social rank
- Change is minimal
Middle Class
British Term –> when you aren’t quite upper class or lower class.
Systemic Discrimination
Institutionalized systems and practices that result in arbitrary exclusions for persons who by reason of their group affiliation are systematically denied a full opportunity to demonstrate their individual abilities.
Diaspora
the dispersion or spread of a people from their original homeland
Cultural Transmission
- The way a group of people within a culture or society tend to learn or pass on new information.
- Learned through experience and participation.
