Unit 2.2. Programming Fundamentals

Question 1

Variable

Answer 1

A named value in which data can be stored by a computer program

Question 2

Constant

Answer 2

A named value accessed by the computer program, but is fixed and cannot be changed

Question 3

Operator

Answer 3

Operators compare or modify values in computer code.

Question 4

Input

Answer 4

Data/information entered into the program by a user.

Question 5

Output

Answer 5

Data/information that the program produces.

Question 6

Assignment

Answer 6

The process of placing a value into a variable

Question 7

Sequence

Answer 7

Following through a set of steps in a particular order

Question 8

Selection

Answer 8

Taking different paths through the code depending on a condition. (e.g. if statements)

Question 9

Iteration

Answer 9

Repeating a set of steps several times. (e.g. while loops)

Question 10

Count Controlled Loop

Answer 10

Using a counter to loop through one or more lines of code until they have been run a certain number of times

Question 11

Condition Controlled Loop

Answer 11

Using a counter to loop through one or more lines of code until a certain condition is met (e.g. until password is correct)

Question 12

Arithmetic Operator

Answer 12

An operator which uses maths to modify numbers

Question 13

Boolean Operator

Answer 13

An operator which uses logical criteria to compare two values

Question 14

Integer

Answer 14

a whole number without a decimal point or fraction

Question 15

Float number

Answer 15

A number which may include a decimal point

Question 16

Boolean value

Answer 16

A value which can be only TRUE or FALSE

Question 17

Character

Answer 17

A single symbol

Question 18

String

Answer 18

A number of characters together, usually to form a word or sentence

Question 19

Casting

Answer 19

The process of forcing a value into a certain format (e.g. a number into float)

Question 20

String Manipulation

Answer 20

A broad term for a number of ways to change or modify strings

Question 21

Concatenation

Answer 21

The process of joining two or more strings together.

Question 22

Slicing

Answer 22

The process of splitting a string into two or more parts

Question 23

File Handling

Answer 23

Ways in which computer code can interact with files on the computer’s disk (e.g. writing, reading)

Question 24

Record

Answer 24

A single row or related information in a database table

Question 25

Table

Answer 25

A group of records and fields stored together in a database

Question 26

Field

Answer 26

A part of a record in the database which stores specific information (e.g. name)

Question 27

SQL

Answer 27

Structured Query Language is a language designed to be used with databases

Question 28

Array

Answer 28

A set of data items stored together with a single name, which are accessed by the program

Question 29

Sub program

Answer 29

a smaller part of the program that performs a specific task

Question 30

Function

Answer 30

a subprogram that performs a specific task and always returns a specific value when run

Question 31

Procedure

Answer 31

a subprogram that performs a specific task but doesn't always return a value

Question 32

Random Number

Answer 32

a number generated by the computer at random