History > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

The Election of 1800

A

-Pitted Thomas Jefferson against John Adams. It was one of the most bitter, contentious, and fiercely partisan presidential elections in US history.

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2
Q

Federalist

A

Envisioned a strong central government and a thriving manufacturing sector

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3
Q

Democratic-Republicans

A

Yearned for an agrarian republic centered on the values of the yeoman farming

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4
Q

What was the original agreement?

A

1777- Articles of Confederation

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5
Q

What happened in 1786?

A

Meeting of states in Philadelphia, 12 states represented by 55 delegates ( excluding Rhode Island), George Washington President of convention

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6
Q

What was the most serious conflict?

A

Occurred over the plans for a national government introduced by Virginia and New Jersey.

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7
Q

Virginia Plan

A
  • supported by larger states
  • House of Rep. elected by popular vote and senate elected by house
  • control of the national legislature would then be held by populous states.
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8
Q

New Jersey Plan

A
  • supported by smaller states

- all states represented equally

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9
Q

Connecticut Compromise

A
  • states equally represented in senate and house represented by population
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10
Q

How many states were needed to ratify the constitution?

A

2/3

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11
Q

Amendments became what?

A

reduced to 10 which became the bill of rights. In general, the 10 amendments are sweeping prohibitions against government abridgement or destruction of fundamental rights.

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12
Q

first, amendments

A

religion, freedom of speech right of people to assemble (tea)

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13
Q

second

A

Militia and right to bear arms ( Lexington and concord)

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14
Q

third

A

no soldier be quartered in any house ( quartering act)

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15
Q

fourth

A

people be secure, no unreasonable searches and seizures

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16
Q

fifth

A

indictment of grand jury, any person be subject for the same offences twice put in jeopardy, and witness against himself

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17
Q

sixth

A

the speedy public trial, the assistance of counsel

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18
Q

seventh

A

common law

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19
Q

eight

A

no cruel and unusual punishments

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20
Q

ninth

A

emulation in consitution

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21
Q

tenth

A

rights of states to change it

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22
Q

What honors were bestowed upon Washington in his memory?

A
  • dollar bill
  • 42nd states
  • Mount Rushmore
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23
Q

What state is Washington from?

A

Virginia

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24
Q

Where did Washington live?

A

Mount Vermen

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25
What was the most valuable commodity in Virginia?
Land - not making more, tobacco
26
What was Georges's first military appointment?
Virginia Milita
27
What was Georges first war?
7 year war
28
Who did Washington marry?
Martha Custuss, for money
29
Why was Washington choosen to lead Continental Army?
voted, training experience, war experience, wealth, represented Virginia legislature
30
What hardships did Washingtons soilders face?
under fed, supplied, dressed, diseae ridden
31
When was the first continental assembly held?
1787
32
How old was Washington when he took office?
57
33
When did Washington take the Oath of Office?
April 30th, 1789
34
Why did people call the united states the great experiment?
- first man-made country in modern time - system of government, constitution, everything experiment - first time in the modern history of demogracy - no protocall
35
What were his first jobs as president?
- establish the working form of the executive branch | - appoint judges, executive, secretary
36
What was unqiue about that first cabinet?
non-partisan, no political parties
37
What was Georges position on slavery?
- slave owner - thought dehumanizing, but wouldn't demasapate safer as enslaved rather than free - freed slaved after death
38
Why did he not seek a third term?
- Partisan cat fight | - forming of political parties, and foreign polices
39
When did Washington die?
December 13th, 1799 67
40
What was Washingtons' famous saying?
First in War, First in Peace, First in the hearts of his countrymen
41
When was the constitution drafted, ratified, enacted?
1787,1788,1789
42
Why is the Constitution considered the supreme law of the land?
it contains the rights and freedoms, guarentees
43
Which is the constitution state?
Connecticut drafted the first constitution
44
Why was DoI considered to be a judgement document?
The only way to solve a problem
45
Contents of DoI.
Intro: independence was unavoidable, why Preamble: ideas, principles, theory behind why The Body: 1 -Grievances 2- colonist negotiate Conclusion: formal announcement of declaration of independences
46
Why were Articles of Confederation needed?
- a plan for uniting the country after declaring indpendence
47
Why were the articles weak?
- gave federal government limited powers | - no executive branch , needed 2/3 to make descisons
48
What does the constitution consist of?
Preamble : we the people 7 articles 27 amenments (first bill of rights)
49
Article 1
Legaslative Branch 2 house system
50
Article II
Execuative Branch
51
Article III
Judicial Branch
52
Article IV
Relatonships of states with one another and government. Extradition
53
Article V
Permission for amendments to the constitution
54
Article VI
Supreme Law of Land, Oath of Office, seperation of church and state
55
Article VII
Requirments for constitution to be passed with 9/13 or 2/3, signature of witness
56
Why did the people feel they needed the Bill of Rights?
- protection of individual rights | - abuse of government power
57
13th
Abloish slavery
58
18th
alcohol illiegal
59
19th
women vote
60
21st
appealed alcohol
61
24th
African American vote
62
26
lowering voting age to 18
63
27
changes in salarys cannot take effect until next set of representatives
64
Why has the constitution survived the test of time?
Ability to change
65
Execuative Branch
President and Vice President Head of State Head of State
66
Roles of execuative branch
- negoiate treaties -cabinet chosen by president according to senate apporval -15 conescuative department heads ( Sate, Treasury, Defense) - Established in article 2 sec.2 -advise president - conducts forigen policies - appoints federal judges and ammbassadors -reccomds laws to congress appoints suprme court justices
67
Legislative Branch
The Congress Senate: 100, 6 year term House of Reps: 435 elected officals, based on populations, 2 year term
68
Roles of Legislative Branch
Senate: pass or deny any legislation put forth by the pres. in charge of impeachments House: inate revenue bills, impeach federal officalsm elect president in case of electoral tie, House approve appointments to Vice Presidents and foreign affairs
69
Judicial Branch
Suprme court: Life terms, appointed by pres. only deal with cosntitutional issues, interpret law meanings Other federal courts: claims court, international trade, military appeals, tax court
70
Checks and Balences
- congress can reject president propsals -> president can veto congress propasals - court checks legality of execuative descisons -> president appoints judeges - courts decides whether legislation is constitutional -> senate must confirm house of reps, can impeach judge
71
First political party in USA
Federalist
72
Alexander Hamiltion
- supported string central government - wrote federalist papers - secratary of treasury - wanted power to goverment - manufacturing
73
Thomas Jefferson
- farming - power to states - democratic-republicans - vice president - 3rd president
74
Democratic Party
- Andrew Jackson 1808 - Woodrow Wilsion - Donkey - More socialist
75
Republcian party
- 1854 John Freemont - Abraham Lilncoln - Elephant - more traditional G.O.P
76
Why was Jacksons run in office different in poltical histroy?
- first person to. go out and campagin
77
Primaries
- used to choose leaders for party ( delegates)
78
Why was the electroal college needed?
- distrabution of people | - settlers arent smart enough
79
Who can vote in USA
registered voters | 18 years
80
Attempt to stop African Americans from voting
Discriminatory measures | Literacy test
History
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