Types of bone tissue
Compact bone and cancellous (trabecular) bone
What percentage of the skeleton is compact bone?
About 80 percent
What is compact bone?
Dense, smooth outer bone tissue made of tightly packed osteons
What are osteons?
Cylindrical structures in compact bone that contain bone cells and allow nutrient flow
What percentage of the skeleton is cancellous bone?
About 20 percent
What is cancellous bone?
Spongy bone tissue made of trabeculae and found inside bones
What are trabeculae?
Small branching structures in cancellous bone
Where is cancellous bone found?
In the epiphyses (ends) of long bones
What is bone marrow?
Soft connective tissue inside bones
Types of bone marrow
Red marrow and yellow marrow
What does red bone marrow do?
Produces red blood cells (hematopoiesis)
Where is red marrow found in children?
In the diaphysis and epiphysis of long bones
Where is red marrow found in adults?
In the epiphysis and flat bones
What does yellow bone marrow do?
Stores fat (adipose tissue)
Where is yellow marrow found?
In the medullary cavity of long bones
At what age does red marrow turn into yellow marrow?
Around age 7
What are long bones?
Bones longer than they are wide, found in arms and legs
Parts of a long bone
Diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysis
What is the diaphysis?
The shaft (middle) of a long bone
What is the epiphysis?
The rounded ends of a long bone
What is the metaphysis?
The region between the diaphysis and epiphysis
Function of long bones
Support weight and allow movement
What are short bones?
Cube-shaped bones found in wrists and ankles
Function of short bones
Allow more movement
