Blood coagulation is a complex reaction that involves
a. vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and plasminogen action.
b. vasodilation, platelet aggregation, and activation oflthe clotting cascade.
c. vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
d. vasodilation, platelet inhibition, and action of the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting cascades.
C
Warfarin, an oral anticoagulant, acts
a. to directly prevent the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
b. to decrease the production of vitamin K clotting factors in the liver.
c. as a catalyst in the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.
d. immediately, so it is the drug of choice in emergency situations.
B
Heparin reacts to prevent the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. Heparin
a. is available in oral and parenteral forms.
b. takes about 72 hours to have a therapeutic effect.
c. has its effects reversed with the administration of protamine sulfate.
d. has its effects reversed with the injection of vitamin
C
The low molecular weight heparin of choice for preventing DVT after hip replacement therapy is
a. heparin.
b. betrixaban.
c. fondaparinux.
d. enoxaparin.
D
A thrombolytic agent would be most indicated for which circumstance?
a. CVA within the last 2 months
b. Acute MI within the last 3 hours
c. Recent, serious GI bleeding
d. Obstetric delivery
B
- Which is true of warfarin?
a. Side effects include increased risk of clotting.
b. Therapy may take multiple days of dosing to become therapeutic.
c. It works by inhibiting activation of factor X.
d. It is only administered IV.
B
Hageman factor is known to activate which?
a. The clotting cascade
b. The anticlotting process
c. The inflammatory response
d. Platelet aggregation
e. Thromboxane A2
f. Troponin coupling
ABC
Plasminogen is converted to plasmin, a clot-dissolving substance, by which?
a. Nicotine
b. Hageman factor
c. Tenecteplase
d. Pyrogens
e. Thrombin
f. Christmas factor
BCD
Antiplatelet drugs block the aggregation of platelets and keep vessels open. These drugs would be useful in which circumstances?
a. Maintaining the patency of grafts
b. Decreasing the risk of fatal MI
c. Preventing reinfarction after MI
d. Dissolving a PE and improving oxygenation
e. Decreasing damage in a subarachnoid bleed
f. Preventing thromboembolic strokes
ABCF
Evaluating a patient who is taking an anticoagulant for blood loss would usually include assessing for which conditions?
a. Presence of petechiae
b. Bleeding gums while brushing the teeth
c. Dark-colored urine
d. Yellow color to the sclera or skin
e. Presence of ecchymotic areas
f. Loss of hair
ABCE
Chapter 49- Pharm
After teaching a group of students about RBC production, the instructor determines that the teaching was effective when the group states that the rate of RBC production is controlled by
a. iron.
b. folic acid.
c. erythropoietin.
d. vitamin B12-
C
- RBCs must be continually produced by the body because they
a. contain iron that wears out and must be replaced.
b. cannot maintain themselves and wear out.
c. are continuously entering and being lost from the GI tract.
d. are processed into bile salts and must be replaced.
B
- Which would the nurse include in the teaching plan when describing all types of anemia to a patient?
a. Decreased number of or abnormal RBCs
b. Lack of iron in the body
c. Lack of vitamin B12 in the boy
d. Excessive number of platelets
A.
- Megaloblastic anemia is a result of insufficient folic acid or vitamin B12, affecting which?
a. White blood cell production
b. Vegetarians
c. Rapid cell turnover
d. Slow-growing cells
C. Rapid cell turnover
The nurse would expect the provider to prescribe epoetin alfa (Epogen) for
a. acute blood loss during surgery.
b. replacement of blood after a traumatic injury.
c. treatment of anemia during lactation.
d. treatment of anemia associated with renal failure.
D
A patient with aplastic anemia may be prescribed which medication?
a. Eltrombopag
b. Luspatercept
c. Vitamin B12
d. Folic acid
A.
To ensure maximum absorption, a nurse instructs a patient receiving oral iron therapy to avoid taking the iron with
a. protein.
b. many anubiotes
C. Tals
d. antiplatelet medications.
B
- After teaching a patient with pernicious anemia about vitamin B12 therapy, which patient statement would indicate that the teaching was successful?
a. “I can take this pill with breakfast.”
b. “I should take this pill at bedtime.”
c. “I need to inject this drug subcutaneously every day.”
d. “I need to inject this drug IM every 5 to 10 days.”
D.
Instructions for a patient prescribed iron pills should include which of the following?
a. Taking the drug with milk to avoid GI problems
b. The potential for constipation
c. Keeping these potentially toxic pills away from children
d. Taking the drug with antacids to alleviate GI upset
e. Having periodic blood tests to evaluate the drug effect
f. Being aware that stools may be green in color
BCEF
- In a healthy person, little iron is needed on a daily basis. Loss of iron is associated with which conditions?
a. Heavy menstrual flow
b. Bile duct obstruction
c. Internal bleeding
d. Penetrating traumatic injury
e. Bone marrow suppression
f. Alcoholic cirhosis
ACD
