Three main ways nation-states define citizenship
1) Community
2) Global
3) Legal
What’s the downside to citizenship based on where you are born?
- Parents may not be citizens
- Dual citizenship (questions loyalty)
Either way Canada still has to protect you
What’s the downside to citizenship based on blood?
- Restrictive
- Criminals
- Adoption
- Migrant workers and foreign workers
Ukraines Orange Revolution
Back story: Ukraine was once a satellite state of Russia so ethnicity is mixed with Russians and Ukrainians and this makes for a complicated society because ukrainians generally value liberalism and Russians value anything to do with an alliance with Russia.
How it started =
1) Election between
YUSHCHENKO ( Ukrainian supported)
&
YANUKOVYCH (Russians supported)
2) Yushchenko won
3) However in 2010 Yanukovych ran again and his opposition appointment Yulia Tymoshenko was arrested for “corruption” - but was mainly to make sure she kept quiet and to give Yanukovych power.
4) EuroMaidan = Yanukovych had mislead the public on an economic deal to align with the european union which is what the people wanted to be closer to europe and farther from russia.
5) Protests and violence - Armed forces were brought in and ordered to shoot the protesters.
6) Protests ended up being successful and Yulia was released, and a new election was called.
Civil Disobedience
The deliberate actions of refusing to submit to the laws or orders by a state-government.
Usually in the form of nonviolent protest due to the concept of keeping conflict and disagreement civil.
However can turn violent if met with violence from authority forces.
Pro-democracy movements
Movements to enhance democratic rights and freedoms, distance from dictatorship, or to install a democracy .
Can take the form of protests, riots(use of violence), or in extreme cases militias (violent non-professional forces)
Can be peaceful proven by gandhi
Hong Kong (case study for civil disobedience)
- Liberal democratic government operating independently from national communist nation of China
- They have in agreement that dates back to when they were released from the brits.
Malcolm X
- Violence protesting for Black Americans rights
- Believed that black voters should only vote for candidates who will promise to stand up for black peoples rights and if they didn’t violence would be an acceptable form of retaliation.
Martin Luther King Jr.
- Protesting racial injustice sand was a key figure throughout the civil rights movements.
As well as focusing on poverty and housing intervention from the government. - Leader of civil rights movement and had intentions of non-violent protests even though they were met with violence.
Civil rights act was eventually passed so the peaceful protesting worked.
Nelson Mandela
- Protested against white supremacy.
- Resisted against apartheid and helped establish the ANCs military wing
Became key figure in the dissolving of apartheid.
Gandhi
- Peacefully protested against the tax on salt imposed on India by Britain. Gandhi and his supporters marched along ways to collect salt water to make their own salt.
- He believed in peaceful protesting and that if it wasn’t peaceful he didn’t want to be apart of it. Believed in social welfare and could be aligned with modern liberalism.
