What were the major inventions of the Age of Exploration?
- Astrolabe
- Magnetic Compass
- Caravel
- Sextant
These inventions enabled ocean navigation, leading to global exploration and access to new resources for Europeans.
What was the purpose of Incan Quipus?
Record and transmit numerical data
Used for crops, population, and warriors.
What was the result of European competition in the New World?
Conflict between empires over resources
This competition led to various confrontations and colonization efforts.
What are chinampas used for in Aztec agriculture?
Artificial islands for farming
They were utilized in lakes and wetlands.
What caused the decline of the Inca Empire?
- Smallpox
- Civil war
- Spanish attacks
These factors contributed to the fall of the empire.
What does the Epic of Sundiata illustrate about African religion?
Blending of indigenous traditions with Islam
It showcases the cultural syncretism in West Africa.
How did the use of camels impact trade in Africa?
Expanded trade across the Sahara
Camels facilitated transportation and commerce between North and sub-Saharan Africa.
What similarities did Ghana and Mali share?
Wealth from gold and salt trade
Both empires thrived on these valuable resources.
What was the impact of the Columbian Exchange on populations?
- Increased in Eastern Hemisphere (new crops)
- Decreased in Western Hemisphere (disease)
This exchange significantly altered demographics on both sides of the Atlantic.
What was the impact of the enslavement of Indigenous Peoples?
Decimation due to forced labor, overwork, famine, and disease
This led to severe population declines among Indigenous communities.
Who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe?
Ferdinand Magellan
His expedition provided valuable information about global geography.
What was Bartolomé de las Casas’ stance on the Encomienda System?
Opposed it because it denied Native Americans’ rights
He advocated for the rights of Indigenous peoples.
Who funded Christopher Columbus’s voyage?
Spanish Monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella
His expedition in 1492 led to the discovery of the Americas.
What were conquistadors?
Spanish soldiers who took control of the Americas
They played a key role in the Spanish colonization efforts.
What was the geography challenge of Mansa Musa’s Pilgrimage?
Difficult due to crossing the Sahara Desert
This journey highlighted the challenges of travel in Africa.
What developed in response to labor demand in the Americas?
Atlantic Slave Trade
This trade system became a crucial part of the economy.
What was the reason for the fall of the Aztec Empire?
Defeat by Spanish forces
This marked a significant event in the Spanish conquest of the Americas.
What was the purpose of human sacrifice in Aztec religion?
Conquests for prisoners to sacrifice
This practice was integral to their religious beliefs.
What caused the collapse of the Inca Empire?
- Smallpox
- Civil war
The death of the emperor led to significant instability.
What were Timbuktu and Djenné known for?
Centers of learning due to Islamic influence
They became prominent educational hubs in West Africa.
What led to the development of the Swahili language?
Blending of indigenous and Arab cultures via Indian Ocean trade
This linguistic development reflects cultural interactions.
What regions were involved in the Triangular Trade?
- Europe
- Africa
- Americas
This trade network was crucial for the exchange of goods and enslaved people.
Who conquered the Aztec Empire?
Hernán Cortés
His conquest in 1521 marked a pivotal moment in history.
What is the Middle Passage?
The Atlantic journey enslaved Africans were forced to take to the Americas
This journey was notorious for its brutality.
