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UNIT 4D Flashcards

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1
Q

What is used to monitor nutritional status and evaluation?

A

Nutrition Care Process

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2
Q

How to determine if px meets nutrition intervention outcomes?

A

Through nutrition monitoring and evaluation

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3
Q

What is needed to identify whether nutrition related prob still exists?

A

Nutrition Reassessment

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4
Q

It evaluates progress made toward resolving prob?

A

Nutrition Reassessment

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5
Q

Assess ______ by nutri care indicator against recognized science based standards.

A

px progress

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6
Q

Preplanned review & measurement of selected nutrition care indicators of px
status?

A

Nutrition Monitoring

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7
Q

What do you call the systematic comparison of current findings w/ previous state, nutri interv goals,
effectiveness of overall nutri care, or reference standards?

A

Nutrition Evaluation

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8
Q

What do you call the result of nutri care that related to nutri diagnosis & goals of intervention plan?

A

Nutrition Care Outcomes

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9
Q

What do you call Markers that can be measured & evaluated which determine effectiveness of nutri care?

A

Nutrition Care Indicators

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10
Q

What do you call these outcomes:
Food and nutrient intake, food and nutrient administration, medication, complementary/alternative medicine use, knowledge/beliefs, food and supplies availability, physical activity, nutrition quality of life

A

Food/Nutrition- Related History Outcomes

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11
Q

What do you call these outcomes:
Lab data (e.g., electrolytes, glucose) and tests (e.g., gastric emptying time, resting metabolic rate)

A

Biochemical Data, Medical Tests, and Procedure Outcomes

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12
Q

What do you call these outcomes:
Physical Appearance, muscle and fat wasting, swallow function, appetite, and affect

A

Nutrition-Focused Physical Finding Outcomes

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13
Q

What do you call changes that occur in the stomach?

A

Gastrointestinal Changes

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14
Q

What negatively affect digestion and reduce absorption of nutrient?

A

Gastrointestinal Changes

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15
Q

What is common in elderly and compromise digestion as well as reduce absorption of vit B12 & iron?

A

Reduced stomach acid production

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16
Q

Not enough iron leads to?

A

Anemia

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17
Q

Stomach emptying is slower in?

A

Older People

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18
Q

Peristalsis is slower in?

A

Elderly

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19
Q

What happens due to reduced activity levels, illness, hormonal changes?

A

Muscle mass loss

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20
Q

What decline proportionally with decline of muscle tissue?

A

Metabolic rates

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21
Q

Weight gain in form of fat is a result of?

A

Lower metabolism

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22
Q

Who are at a higher risk of malnutrition?

A

Elderly

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23
Q

What is strongly associated with reduced cognitive capacity in elderly?

A

Malnutrition

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24
Q

What reduces the amount of water body can hold?

A

Less muscle mass

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25
Approx how many percent of total body water is held with in muscle tissue?
72%
26
Deficiency of what certain nutrients are associated with further cognitive impairment?
Vitamin B6, 9, 12
27
What do you call reduced saliva production?
Xerostomia
28
What has a variety of enzymes that trigger initial chemical breakdown of nutrients?
Saliva
29
What are critical during older years?
Proteins and Antioxidants
30
What is crucial because it helps preserve valuable lean tissue (muscle & bone)
Protein
31
What reduce frailty, falls, and fractures which are all associated with poor quality of life and earlier death?
Higher lean tissue
32
What do you call the body's defense team?
Antioxidants
33
Seniors with BMI between ________ have the **lowest rates of mortality** meaning they recover better from illness and infection.
25 - 32
34
What is one of the most impactful things we can do for our health?
Exercise
35
Who helps determine calorie needs and offer tips of food to add into daily meal plans?
Prof Nutritionist
36
Monitor _________ regularly so deficiencies can be addressed early.
Nutritional Status
37
As people age, they may experience changes in their teeth and gums, leading to issues with chewing and a decrease in saliva production. This can affect the initial breakdown of food.
Mouth
38
The strength of esophageal contractions and the tension of the esophageal sphincter can decrease. This can result in food moving more slowly down the esophagus and may lead to a higher risk of acid reflux and difficulty swallowing.
Esophagus
39
The stomach undergoes several changes. The secretion of digestive enzymes and gastric acid may decrease, potentially leading to a vitamin B12 deficiency. The stomach's elasticity can also decrease, causing a person to feel full more quickly. A weakened immune system and stomach lining can increase the risk of developing peptic ulcer disease.
Stomach
40
The levels of lactase, the enzyme that breaks down milk sugar, can decrease, which may cause lactose intolerance. Excessive bacterial growth can also occur, leading to decreased absorption of nutrients, weight loss, and conditions like small bowel diverticulosis.
Small Intestine
41
What may decrease in weight with age, but its ability to produce digestive enzymes and insulin is generally not affected?
Pancreas
42
The _____'s ability to metabolize various substances and drugs decreases as a person gets older. This increases the risk of dose-related side effects from medications.
Liver
43
The ___________'s production and flow of bile can decrease, which may increase the risk of gallstones forming.
gallbladder's
44
What do you call meal plans that controls intake of certain foods or nutrients and modification of regular diet?
Therapeutic Diets
45
What diet is between **1000 - 1500** calories and promotes weight loss?
Low Calorie diet
46
What diet is not appropriate for everyone especially athletes and breastfeeding women?
Low Calorie Diet
47
What do you call it when blood sugar level is raised?
Hyperglycemia
48
What do you call it when glucose is excreted in urine?
Glycosuria
49
What do you call it when patient complains of frequent thirst?
Polydipsia
50
What do you call the increase in appetite?
Polyphagia
51
What do you call frequent urination?
Polyuria
52
What diet is used to treat high blood pressure?
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet
53
What diet is used to encourage eating food with high amounts of potassium, magnesium, calcium, and fiber to help lower bp?
DASH Diet
54
In the DASH diet, it is recommended to limit intake of sodium to how many a day for high bp?
1.5k
55
What diet is helpful for ones wishing to lose weight & prevent onset of diabetes?
Overall healthy diet
56
What are the 2 types of diabetes?
- Juvenile Diabetes - Adult-Onset Diabetes
57
People with diabetes have difficult time managing sugar their body produces from food they eat due to the inability to make enough what?
Insulin
58
What do you call grouping food together that have roughly same amount of calorie, carbo, fat, protein into “exchange” groups?
Exchange Lists: The Exchange System
59
What do you call it when the body's cells struggle to use glucose for energy, leading to a high blood sugar?
Insulin resistance
60
A healthy diet is essential for _________ to prevent long term complications affecting the kidneys, nerves, eyes, and heart.
Glycemic Control
61
Dietary Guidelines: The recommended diet is rich in _________, with limits on processed sugars and red meat. The article focuses on foods with a **low glycemic load**.
Vegetables
62
It mentions that vegetarian/vegan, Paleo, and Mediterranean diets can be considered as?
Beneficial Diets
63
What differentiates between "complex" (good) and "simple" (bad)?
Carbohydrates
64
What do you call specific foods with added health benefits for diabetics, including salmon, chia seeds, vinegar, cinnamon, and lentils?
"Superfoods"
65
What are major contributors to premature deaths—about half are due to poor habits like lack of exercise, unhealthy diet, smoking, and obesity, which increase risks for high blood pressure, diabetes, heart attacks, and strokes?
Unhealthy lifestyles
66
Adopting healthier behaviors can reduce heart disease risk by nearly how many percent?
50%
67
What guidelines emphasize lifestyle and behavior changes, focusing on healthier diets, regular activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding tobacco?
ACC/AHA guidelines
68
What does the acronym ABCDES stand for?
A- Alcohol B- Blood Pressure C- Cholesterol D- Diabetes E- Exercise S- Smoking
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