AP Psych > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

Study for unit 5 and ace that quizzzz (71 cards)

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1
Q

Health psychology

A

how biological, psychological, and social factors influence health, illness, and wellness. Explores relationship between behavior, mental health, and physical health.

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2
Q

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

A

study of how psychological factors, the brain/nervous system, and the immune system interact

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3
Q

Eustress

A

positive stress, like being nervous for opening night. Helps us focus and motivates us. Short-term, provides energy burst

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4
Q

General Adaption Syndrome (GAS)

A

Describes general response pattern to prolonged stress

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5
Q

Tend and Befriend theory

A

Alternative stress model. Tend to people and befriend people who can support you

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6
Q

The three steps of GAS are

A

Alarm (initial shock)
Resistance (trying to cope/adapt)
Exhaustion (resources are depleted and you’re vulnerable to stressy stuff like getting sick)

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7
Q

Problem-focused coping

A

Manage SITUATION. Directly addresses the stressor and changes the situation

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8
Q

Emotion-focused coping

A

Manage EMOTIONS. Manage emotional distress. Changes how we feel about the situation. Can be adaptive (seeking support) or maladaptive (substance abuse)

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9
Q

Maladaptive

A

actions that hinder ability to cope and adjust to situations and relationships

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10
Q

DSM-5

A

Mental disorder bible

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11
Q

ICD-11

A

Classifies disorders outside US

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12
Q

Eclectic approach

A

A combo of psychological approaches to diagnose mental disorders

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13
Q

Diathesis Stress Model

A

Explains how disorders might develop. Stress plus genetic vulnerability

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14
Q

Neurodevelopmental disorders

A

ADHD and ASD, basically

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15
Q

Schizophrenic spectrum disorder (and flat effect)

A

You know what this is. But it includes word salads and deficits of normal functions/behaviors
Flat effect: reduction/absence of emotional expression

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16
Q

Major depressive disorder

A

5 or more signs for two or more weeks

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17
Q

Persistent depressive disorder

A

2 or more symptoms for 2 or more years

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18
Q

Bipolar 1

A

individual experiences at least one manic and one depressive episode

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19
Q

Bipolar 2

A

experiences hypomanic episodes that never reach manic episodes

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20
Q

Hypomania

A

milder form of mania characterized by elevated or irritable mood, increased activity, and decreased need for sleep, but without severe impairment in functioning

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21
Q

Agoraphobia

A

fear or avoidance of public situations from which escape might be difficult

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22
Q

Ataque de nervios (ADN)

A

prevalent in Caribbean and Iberan. Trembling, uncontrollable shaking/crying. No fear

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23
Q

Taijin kyofusho (TKS)

A

prevalent in Korea and Japan. Fear of social contact, extreme self-consciousness, and fear of contracting diseases

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24
Q

Dissociative amnesia with fugue

A

total loss of ones’ identity, personal history, and past events

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25
Paranoid personality disorder
-Distrust and suspicion of others -Lack of psychotic episodes -Perceptual distortions -Difficulty with social interaction
26
Schizoid personality disorder
Detachment from social relationships Limited range of social expression
27
Schizotypal personality disorder
Eccentric behavior Unusual beliefs Perceptual distortions Difficulty with social interaction
28
Antisocial personality disorder (sociopathy)
Manipulative and deceitful No feeling of guilt or remorse Associated with crime/positions of power
29
Histrionic personality disorder
Attention-seeking Dramatic mood swings Shallow relationships
30
Narcissistic personality disorder
Sense of grandiosity and need for admiration Exaggerate accomplishments and seek validation
31
Borderline personality disorder
Unstable emotions Impulsive behaviors Fear of abandonment and poor self-esteem
32
Avoidant personality disorder
Feeling of inadequacy Avoidance of social situations Low self-esteem
33
Dependent personality disorder
Excessive need to be taken care of Difficulty functioning independently Fear of rejection
34
Psychotherapy
the treatment of mental conditions through verbal communication/interaction.
35
Therapeutic alliance
a caring, genuine relationship between therapist and client
36
Deinstitutionalization
transitioning people with mental illnesses or developmental disabilities from long-stay psychiatric hospitals to community-based care
37
Psychotropic medications
prescription drugs that affect mental processes, emotions, and behavior.
38
Evidence-based intervention
use research-based and outcome-oriented data to determine treatment stuff
39
Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (APA)
40
Beneficence and nonmaleficence
Do good things and don't do bad things
41
Fidelity and responsibility
establish/maintain trustworthy relationships
42
Integrity
strive to be honest, accurate, and truthful
43
Justice
promote fairness/equality (WE DEMAND EQUALITY AND NOTHING IN BETWEEEEN EQUAAAAAALITYYYYYY)
44
Respect for people’s rights and dignity
regardless of race, gender, age, etc.
45
Psychodynamic therapy
Literally just the unconscious mind/childhood stuff. Therapy is face to face
46
Humanistic therapy
therapeutic psychological approach that emphasizes that good human shit
47
Person-centered therapy
emphasizes client’s specific experience and ability to grow
48
Applied behavior analysis
uses operant and respondent conditioning to change socially significant behaviors
49
Fear hierarchies
client ranks anxiety-producing stimuli
50
Systematic desensitization
Pairs what client is afraid of with relaxing stimuli
51
Aversion therapy
use of classical/operant conditioning to reduce undesirable behaviors by associating them with unpleasant experiences
52
Biofeedback
real-time info about physiological processes so client can gain conscious control over them
53
Modeling
therapist demonstrates desired behaviors
54
Cognitive therapy
identifies and changes negative thought patterns/behaviors
55
Cognitive triad
three interconnected negative beliefs–negative thoughts about oneself, the world, and the future–that are associated with depression
56
Cognitive distortions
negative thought patterns presenting skewed perception of oneself, others, and the world
57
Cognitive restructuring
identifying and changing bad thought patterns
58
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
helps individuals identify and modify unhelpful thoughts, behaviors, and emotions
59
Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
helps individuals identify and challenge irrational/unhealthy beliefs, thoughts, behaviors
60
Psychoactive medications
substance that alters brain function, making changes in mood, behavior, etc.
61
Dialectal behavior therapy (DBT)
developing skills to manage emotions
62
Tardive dyskinesia
neurological disorder caused by long-term use of antipsychotic drugs. Uncontrolled facial/body movements. Sometimes permanent
63
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): WISH I WERE HEEEERE
Temporary memory loss (IT’S EUPHORIA IT’S HUNGER, AND IT FILLS ME WITH DESIIIIIIIIRE)
64
Psychosurgery
intentional surgical destruction of part of brain to reduce symptoms of mental illness
65
Transcranial magnetic Stimulation
non-invasive brain stimulation technique using magnetic pulses to alter neural activity in specific brain regions. Can reduce depression
66
Subjective well-being
It’s hard to accurately judge what will make us happy and increase SWB
67
Positive institutions
strengths within communities and organizations (workplace, democracies, families)
68
Signature strengths
the character strengths that are most essential to who you are
69
Universal virtues/human excellence
Wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, transcendence
70
Resilience
bouncing back from adversity, adapting in the face of challenges
71
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