Unit 5 : Operating System Overview

Question 1

What will happen to a computer without an operating system? ( 6 )

Answer 1

1. Program instructions must be loaded into memory by hand
2. No user interface ( UI ) except for I/O routines provided with executing program
3. Program will be always idle when waiting for user input
4. No facility to store, retrieve, or manipulate files
5. No ability to control peripheral devices
6. Can run only one program at a time , computer halts at end of each program

Question 2

What is the basic services of an operating system? ( 3 )

Answer 2

1. Accepts commands and requests from users and users’ programs and responds with appropriate output results
2. Manages, loads, and executes programs
3. Manages hardware resources of the computer including interfaces to networks and other external parts of the system

Question 3

List out 2 methods for concurrent operations

Answer 3

1. Multitasking
   
   • Use concurrent processing to simulate simultaneous execution of multiple programs even when using only a single CPU
2. Multiprocessing

Question 4

What concurrent operations supports multiuser systems?

Answer 4

1. Multitasking

Question 5

Which concurrent operations uses actualsimultaneous processing of multiple programs using either multiple CPUs or multiple CPU cores?

Answer 5

1. Multiprocessing

Question 6

What is the additional services of Operating System? ( 9 )

Answer 6

1. Provides interfaces for the user and the user’s programs
2. File management and support services
3. I/O support services
4. Means of starting the computer
5. Handles all interrupt processing
6. Network services
7. Services to allocate resources such as memory, CPU time, and I/O devices
8. Security and protection services
9. System administration

Question 7

List out the memory component in Operating System ( 3 )

Answer 7

1. Memory Resident
2. Memory Non-Resident
3. Bootstrap Program ( Initial Program Load )

Question 8

What memory components is always loaded in memory?

Answer 8

1. Memory Resident

Question 9

What is the other name for Memory Resident?

Answer 9

1. Kernel

Question 10

What does memory resident contains?

Answer 10

1. Contains essential services required by other parts of the operating system and applications

Question 11

What does memory resident ( kernel ) responsible for? ( 4 )

Answer 11

1. Managing Memory Management
2. Managing Processes
3. Managing Tasks
4. Manage Secondary Storage

Question 12

What does Memory Non-Resident stores?

Answer 12

1. Infrequently used programs

• Software Tools
• Commands

Question 13

List out the General Purpose Computing Systems Categories ( 8 )

Answer 13

1. Single-user, single tasking
2. Single-user, multitasking
3. Mainframes
4. Network servers
5. Distributed systems
6. Real-time systems
7. Operating Systems for mobile devices
8. Embedded Systems

Question 14

What general purpose computing systems categories is essentially obsolete?

Answer 14

1. Single-user, single tasking

Question 15

What is also known as conversational systems? ( OS Degree of Activity )

Answer 15

1. Interactive

• When we are trying to delete a file, the OS would confirm to us if we wanted to delete the file

Question 16

What lets users submits programs or jobs for processing which had little to no user interaction ? ( OS Degree of Activity )

Answer 16

1. Batch Processing

• Ctrl + A and delete all the file from Recycle Bin

Question 17

What interrupts or service requests? ( OS Degree of Activity )

Answer 17

1. Event Driven

• Left , Right Click

Question 18

What is the rules between hardware and OS ?

Answer 18

1. Hardware plpatform may suport a variety of OS
2. An OS may work on a variety of platforms

Question 19

What services and facilities does OS provides? ( 10 )

Answer 19

1. Command Processor
2. File Management System
3. I/O Control System
4. Process Control Management and Interprocess Communication
5. Memory Management
6. Scheduling System
7. Secondary Storage Management
8. Network Management, Communication Support and Communication Interfaces
9. System Protection Management and Security
10. System Administration

Question 20

What does a standard OS have?

Answer 20

1. Provides program and file portability
2. Enables user efficiency through recognizable interface
3. Is implemented through a systems programming language like C++ or Java as opposed to assembly language

Question 21

List out the types of User Interfaces ( 2 )

Answer 21

1. CLI ( Command Line Interface )
2. GUI ( Graphical User Interface )

Question 22

What is Shell?

Answer 22

1. User Interface and Command Processor that interacts with the kernel

• UNIX / LINUX : C, Bourne, bash and Korn shells

Question 23

What is Command Languages ( 3 )

Answer 23

1. IBM Mainframes - JCL
2. MS Windows - .BAT files, Windows Powershell
3. UNIX/Linux - Shell scripts

Question 24

What does file represent?

Answer 24

1. Logical Unit of Storage

Question 25

What does a basis file management system provides?

Answer 25

1. Directory structures for each I/O device 2. Tools to copy, move, store retrieve and manipulate files 3. Information about each file in the system and the tools to access that information 4. Security mechanisms to protects files and control access

Question 26

What does a additional file management system provides?

Answer 26

1. Backup, emergency retrieval and recovery 2. File compression 3. Journaling 4. Transparent Network File Access 5. Auditing

Question 27

List out the System Administration Support

Answer 27

1. System Configuration and Setting Group Configuration Policies 2. Adding and deleting users 3. Controlling and modyfying user privileges 4. System Security 5. File Systems Management 6. Network Administration 7. Backups 8. Software Installations and Upgrades 9. OR Installations ( System Generation ) , patches, and upgrades 10. System Tuning and Optimization 11. Monitoring Performance 12. Recovering Lost Data

Question 28

List out the 3 main configurations for the organization of an Operating System

Answer 28

1. Monolithic Configuration - Unix / Linux 2. Hierarchical ( Layered ) Configuration - Multics - Windows 2000 and later Version 3. Microkernel - Macintosh OS X

Question 29

What is the drawback of Monolithic Kernel?

Answer 29

1. Stability and Integrity must be managed carefully

Question 30

What does Hierarchial Model of an OS do?

Answer 30

1. Each layer is independent of the other layers 2. Requests are passed down to the layer immediately below it

Question 31

What does microkernel do?

Answer 31

1. Runs the minimum essential functionality 2. Client-server system on same system ( Clients request services from microkernel which passes message onto appropriate server )

Question 32

What types of OS is predominant in use? ( 2 )

Answer 32

1. Single-user systems 2. Workstations