UNIT 7 FEVER

Question 1

pyrexia

Answer 1

fever

Question 2

Fever

Answer 2

elevation of body temperature caused by cytokine-induced elevation of hypothalamic set-point temperature

Question 3

If fever above 41 degrees C

Answer 3

usually result of other activity such as dehydration, diabetes and other chemicals

Question 4

Pyrogens

Answer 4

microorganisms and substances that cause a fever

Question 5

Thermogenesis

Answer 5

mechanisms that raise temperature

Question 6

Steps of fever production

Answer 6

1. pyrogens enter
2. set-point is elevated
3. body responds to raise temperature (shivering, vasoconstriction (pallor), increased metabolism, HR)
4. fever breaks (body at new temperature)
5. reset set point to normal
6. body responds to increase heat loss (sweating, lethargy, vasodilation)
7. body returns to normal temperature

Question 7

possible benefits of fever

Answer 7

• enhance mobilty/activity of WBC
• stimulate interferon production
• activate T cells
• inhibit growth of certain pathogens

Question 8

fever may be described as

Answer 8

• intermittent
• remittent
• sustained
• relapsing

Question 9

Intermittent fever

Answer 9

every 24h theres an increase in body temperature at night then it is brought back down

Question 10

associated disease of intermittent fever

Answer 10

• abscesses = large areas of infected necrosis
• endocarditis = inflammation of inner lining of the heart
• sepsis

Question 11

Remittent fever

Answer 11

never returns to normal, but osculations are similar to intermittent

Question 12

associated problems with remittent fever

Answer 12

• upper respiratory tract viral infections

- mycoplasma infections

Question 13

Sustained fever

Answer 13

not many osculations

• temperature remains above normal
  eg. drug fever

Question 14

Relapsing fever

Answer 14

• fever episodes each lasting several days

eg. TB, malaria, lyme disease, fungal infections

Question 15

A 1 degree rise in body temperature produces a Heart Rate increase of?

Answer 15

15 bpm

Question 16

4 stages of fever development

Answer 16

1. prodromal peroid = initial feeling (fatigue, malaise, pain, aches)
2. Chill = feeling cold, shivering
3. Flush = warm and flushed skin
4. Defervescense = onset of sweating (when fever breaks)

Question 17

Delirium

Answer 17

metabolic rate increased during fever which increases use of oxygen, but there are not enough blood vessels to take oxygen to brain there for mismatch between supply and demand