unit 8.3 - immune system

Question 1

first line of defence

Answer 1

• tears
• eyelashes
• cilia
• stomach acid
• outer layer of skin

Question 2

the second line of defence

Answer 2

• non-specific white blood cells
• phagocytes (monocyte, macrophage, neutrophil)
• referred to as the inflammatory response

Question 3

Third line of defence

Answer 3

• specific white blood cells known as lymphocytes

Question 4

antibodies

Answer 4

• are y- shaped
• recognize foreign substances
• bind to antigen receptor
• act to neutralize or destroy them

Question 5

antigens

Answer 5

• molecules that are found on the surface of the cells and on pathogens

Question 6

T cells

Answer 6

helper T cells: recognizes the antigens then calls for help
killer T cells: bind with infected cells and destroy them by putting a hole in their cell membrane
Suppressor T cells: slow and suppress the other t -cells so that normal tissue isn’t destroyed

Question 7

B cells

Answer 7

• mature in the bone marrow
• recruited by t-cells to the location fo the pathogens
• produce different antibodies
• when a B cell becomes activated it produces a memory B cell

Question 8

Immune disorders

Answer 8

HIV:attacks cells that are part of their immune system
Allergies: an exaggerated response by the immune system
Auto immune disorder: when the t cells or antibodies mistakenly attack the body’s own cells as if they had foreign anitgens

Question 9

what is the universal donor and recipient

Answer 9

donor: O-
recipient: AB+

Question 10

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

Answer 10

anti bodies will attach to the fetal bed blood cell: fetal RH+ blood cell is attacked by the mothers antibodies