Unit one Macromolecules "Exceeds"

Question 1

List the four chemical groups of carbohydrates and identify the number and type of subunits present in each.

Answer 1

1. Monosaccharide- 1 monosaccharide
2. Disaccharide- 2 monosaccharides
3. Oligosaccharide- 3-10 monosaccharides
4. Polysaccharide- 100s-1000s monosaccharides

Question 2

List the four chemical groups of carbohydrates and give an example of each with its function.

Answer 2

1. Monosaccharide- Glucose (blood sugar)
2. Disaccharide- Sucrose (table sugar)
3. Oligosaccharide- Marker in cell membrane (cell identification)
4. Polysaccharide- Glycogen (energy storage in muscle and liver)

Question 3

Describe the molecular structure of fats.

Answer 3

Fats (a type of lipid) are made of one glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules.

Question 4

Describe the molecular structure of a phospholipid.

Answer 4

A phospholipid is made up of one glycerol, one phosphate group and two fatty acid molecules.

Question 5

Describe the primary molecular structure of proteins.

Answer 5

Proteins are polymers made of repeating monomer subunits called amino acids. he primary molecular structure of proteins is this chain of amino acids.

Question 6

Describe the basic molecular structure of nucleic acids.

Answer 6

Nucleic acids are polymers made of repeating monomer subunits called nucleotides.

Question 7

Describe the molecular structure of nucleotide.

Answer 7

A nucleotide is made of a phosphate group, a five carbon sugar and a nitrogenous base.