What are protists?
- Eukaryotes
- Very diverse(65-200 thousand species)
- “Garbage dump” kingdome
Examples of protista are?
Paramecium, amoebas, diatoms, algae, euglena
What are characteristics of protists?
- Appeared about 1.5 billion years ago
- All eukaryotic
- Most unicellular, some multicellular
- Some reproduce asexualy(binary fission) and some reproduce sexually(conjugation)
- Most live in water, damp areas and animal fluids
- Fungi, plants and animals evolved from protists
What are protists classified on?
- How they obtain nutrients
- How they move
What are the three methods of obtaining nutrients?
Photoautotrophs - Use chloroplasts to photosynthasize. i.e. Algae
Heterotrophes - Injest food particles from outside environment. i.e. Paramecium
Mixotrophes - Injest food particles AND photosynthasize. i.e. Euglena
What are the 5 methods of movement that protists use?
Psuedopods - “false feet” (amoeba)
Cilia - short hair like projections (paramecium)
Flagella - long hair like projections (euglena)
Passive - move using wind or water currents
Spores - use host to move
What are the three groups of protists?
Plant-like
Animal-like
Fungi-like
What are plant-like protists(Algae)?
- Called Algae
- Contain chlorophyll, meaning that they photosynthasize
- Most are autotrophic, some are mixotrophs
- Mostly reproduce asexually, sometimes sexually
- Live in wet moist areas
- Dinoflagullates and zooflagellates (plankton) is the base of most aquatic food chains
- Phytoplankton supply 2/3 of the worlds oxygen and are used in agar(meds)
What are the 4 types of plant-like protists?
- Euglenoids(phylum Euglenophyta)
- Diatoms(phylum Bacillariophytes)
- Dinoflagellates(phylum Dinoflagelleta)
- Algae(phylums Chloropyta, Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta, Chrysophyta)
What is a red tide?
When algae reproduces quickly, they can give water a red color. They also start to release a toxin that contaminates the water, crayfish and humans, causing illness.
What are animal-like protists(Protzoans)?
- Called Protzoans
- Unicellular
- Reproduce via binary fission
- Heterotrophs
4 phyla of protzoans(animal-like protists)
- Cercozoans(move using pseudopods) i.e. Amoeba
- Ciliates(move using cilia) i.e. Paramecium
- Flagellates(move using 1 or 2 flagella) i.e. Euglena
- Sporozoans(passive movement)(alla are parasitic) i.e. Malaria
What are fungi-like protists?
- Resemble fungi in appearance and lifestyle
- Heterotrophes
- Decomposers
- Reproduce asexually through spores
- Prefer cool, moist places
