Who was Archimedes?
A Greek mathematician and philosopher who discovered the principle of buoyancy.
What does Archimedes’ principle state?
A body immersed in water experiences an upward thrust equal to the weight of the displaced water.
How did Archimedes discover buoyancy?
By testing King Hieron’s crown and measuring displaced water to determine density.
What key concept did Archimedes’ work introduce?
The relationship between displacement, weight, and buoyant force.
What was Galileo’s correction to Archimedes’ model?
He added the idea of a finite container and used “moments” instead of weights to explain buoyancy.
In Galileo’s model, what happens when you push an object down in water?
Water resists the push
Main difference between Archimedes and Galileo
Archimedes focused on weight of displaced water, Galileo on pressure balance and moments.
What happens to potential energy as an object sinks?
It decreases for the object and increases for the water.
When is equilibrium reached during submersion?
When the object’s energy loss equals the water’s energy gain.
When will an object float or sink?
It floats if its density is less than water, sinks if greater.
Which factors affect human floatation?
Body weight, fat distribution, bone density, lung capacity, and body position.
What forces act on a swimmer?
Gravity, thrust, and resistance.
How does water type affect floating?
Salt water is denser—floating is easier
Why is breathing unique in swimming?
You can’t breathe whenever you want—must synchronize with stroke.
Correct breathing pattern for swimming
Inhale through mouth, exhale through nose or mouth, inhale equals exhale.
Why blow bubbles underwater?
Keeps breathing steady, prevents water up nose, improves efficiency.
What is the energy trade-off in buoyancy?
Object loses potential energy as water gains it until equilibrium, allowing floatation.
What was the in-class Task #1 about?
Predicting which objects would float or stay on water using buoyancy principles.
