Anion
Negative ion: when an atom gains electrons
Cation
Positive ion: when an atom loses electrons
What types of elements make ionic compounds?
metal + nonmetal
What do charges tell you about an ion?
How many electrons are gained or lost
What happens to valence electrons in ionic bonds?
transferred/stolen
How are ionic compounds held together?
attraction between oppositely charged forces
Ionic compound properties?
Hard, high melting point, soluble, conducts electricity, not flammable.
Covalent compound properties?
Soft, low-melting point, insoluble, does not conduct electricity, and is flammable.
monotomic ion
ion made of one atom
Polyatomic ion
ion made of multiple atoms
What happens to valence electrons in covalent bonds?
shared
What types of elements make covalent compounds?
2 or more nonmetals
Polar bonds electrons
share electrons unequally, partials
non-polar electrons
share electrons equally, no partials
polar range
.5 to 2.1
non-polar range
less than .5
ionic range
above 2.1
