JCL History > Untitled Deck > Flashcards

Untitled Deck Flashcards

(69 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Who was the first king of Rome, known for founding the city on April 21st, 753 B.C.?

A

Romulus

Romulus and his brother Remus were raised by a she-wolf after being thrown into the Tiber River.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What significant event did Romulus use to populate the city of Rome?

A

Rape of Sabine Women

This event led to war with the Sabines and the eventual co-rule of Romulus with Titus Tatius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who was the second king of Rome, known for his religious contributions and the establishment of the Pontifex Maximus?

A

Numa Pompilius

He was a Sabine and brought the Vestal Virgins to Rome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the outcome of the conflict between the Horatii and the Curiatii during the reign of Tullus Hostilius?

A

Horatii win, but Mettius Fufetius incites a town against Rome

Tullus Hostilius later builds the first senate house, the Curia Hostilia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What major infrastructure did Ancus Marcius establish during his reign?

A
  • Salt water port at Ostia
  • Pons Sublicius (first wooden bridge over the Tiber)

Ancus Marcius was a Sabine and grandson of Numa Pompilius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What legend is associated with Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth king of Rome?

A

An eagle took his cap and returned it

This event was interpreted as a sign that he would become king.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who was assassinated by his daughter, Tullia the Younger, during the reign of Servius Tullius?

A

Servius Tullius

He introduced the census and built the Servian Wall around Rome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What event led to the rebellion against Tarquinius Superbus?

A

Rape of Lucretia

This incident was pivotal in the transition from monarchy to republic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who were the first two consuls of Rome after the monarchy was abolished?

A
  • Lucius Iunius Brutus
  • Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus

Brutus died fighting against Aruns, son of Tarquinius Superbus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was the significance of the First Secession of the Plebs in 494 B.C.?

A

Created the office of tribune for the plebs

Menenius Agrippa convinced the plebs to return from their secession.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What battle in 496 B.C. featured the Romans against the Latin League and Tarquinius Superbus?

A

Battle of Lake Regillus

Legend states that the Dioscuri, Castor & Pollux, led the Romans in this battle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What law allowed for the intermarriage between plebeians and patricians in 445 B.C.?

A

Lex Canuleia

This law was proposed by Gaius Canuleius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was the outcome of the Battle of Allia River in 390 B.C.?

A

The Gauls defeated the Romans

Brennus led the Gauls and captured Rome except for the Capitoline Hill.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was the Lex Licinia-Sextia passed in 367 B.C.?

A

One of the two consuls can be a plebeian

This law was passed by tribunes C. Licinius Stolo and Lucius Sextius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was the significance of the First Punic War (264-241 B.C.)?

A
  • Romans gained control of Sicily
  • First naval victory at Battle of Mylae

The war began after the Marmertines appealed to Rome for help against Carthage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was the outcome of the Battle of Cannae in 216 B.C.?

A

Hannibal defeats Roman forces

This battle is known as one of the greatest military defeats in Roman history.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What phrase is Cato the Elder famous for regarding Carthage?

A

Carthago delenda est

This means ‘Carthage must be destroyed’ and reflects the sentiment leading to the Third Punic War.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In what year did Rome conquer the province of Iberia?

A

146 B.C.

This conquest marked the beginning of several conflicts in the region after the Punic Wars.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Who was the Lusitanian chieftain that fought against Rome from 146 B.C. to 140 B.C.?

A

Viriathus

He led resistance against Roman expansion in Iberia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What significant event occurred in 133 B.C. involving the city of Numantia?

A

Siege of Numantia

This siege was a notable conflict during Rome’s expansion in Iberia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What was the outcome of the First Illyrian War (229-228 B.C.)?

A

Rome defeats Illyrian pirates led by Queen Teuta

This marked Rome’s initial military engagement in the Adriatic region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What was the result of the Second Macedonian War (200-196 B.C.)?

A

Titus Quinctius Flamininus defeats Phillip V of Macedon

This battle demonstrated the superiority of the Roman Legion over the Macedonian Phalanx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What declaration did Flamininus make at the Isthmian games of 196 B.C.?

A

Peace and freedom for Greece

This was a significant political statement following the victory over Macedon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In the Seleucid War (192-188 B.C.), who did Rome fight against?

A

Antiochus III of the Seleucid Empire

Antiochus was allied with the Aetolian League and Hannibal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What was the outcome of the **Battle of Pydna** (168 B.C.)?
Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeats King Perseus of Macedon ## Footnote This battle effectively ended the Third Macedonian War.
26
What happened at the **Battle of Corinth** (146 B.C.)?
Romans led by Lucius Mummius defeat the Achaean League and destroy Corinth ## Footnote This marked the end of Greek resistance to Roman rule.
27
Who were the **Grachhi**?
* Tiberius Gracchus * Gaius Gracchus ## Footnote They were significant political figures advocating for land reforms in the Roman Republic.
28
What did **Attalus III** bequeath to Rome in **133 B.C.**?
Kingdom of Pergamum ## Footnote This territory became the Roman province of Asia.
29
Who was **Gaius Marius**?
A significant figure in 1st century B.C. history who reformed the Roman army ## Footnote He held the consulship seven times and was pivotal in military reforms.
30
What was the outcome of the **Battle of Arausio** (105 B.C.)?
Disaster for Roman commanders Servilius Caepio and Mallius Maximus ## Footnote This battle was a significant defeat against the Cimbri and Teutones.
31
What was the **Social War** (91-88 B.C.) about?
Fought over citizenship for non-Roman Italians ## Footnote It led to significant legislative changes regarding citizenship.
32
What did the **Lex Iulia** (90 B.C.) offer?
Roman citizenship to Italians who had not raised arms against Rome ## Footnote This law was part of the resolution to the Social War.
33
Who fought in the **First Mithridatic War** (89-85 B.C.)?
Mithridates VI of Pontus ## Footnote This war was marked by significant territorial conflicts in the east.
34
What was the significance of **Sulla's Second March on Rome**?
It highlighted the division between Populares and Optimates ## Footnote This political conflict led to Sulla's control over Rome.
35
What was the outcome of the **Battle of Colline Gate** (82 B.C.)?
Solidified Sulla’s control of Rome ## Footnote This battle was against the Samnites.
36
Who led the **slave revolt** against Rome from **73 B.C. to 71 B.C.**?
Spartacus ## Footnote His revolt was a significant uprising against Roman authority.
37
What was the **Lex Gabinia** (67 B.C.)?
Granted Pompey command against the pirates in the Mediterranean ## Footnote This law allowed for a swift military response to piracy.
38
What did Pompey achieve in **66 B.C.**?
Cleared the entire Mediterranean of pirates in 3 months ## Footnote This was a significant military accomplishment for Pompey.
39
What was the **Conspiracy of Catiline** (63 B.C.)?
Lucius Sergius Catilina's attempt to overthrow the Republic ## Footnote Cicero played a key role in exposing and defeating this conspiracy.
40
What was the **First Triumvirate** (60 B.C.)?
Political alliance between Julius Caesar, Marcus Licinius Crassus, and Pompey ## Footnote This alliance significantly influenced Roman politics.
41
What did Julius Caesar say when he crossed the **Rubicon** in **49 B.C.**?
Alea iacta est (the die is cast) ## Footnote This marked the start of a civil war.
42
What was the outcome of the **Battle of Pharsalus** (48 B.C.)?
Caesar decisively defeats Pompey ## Footnote This battle was a turning point in the civil war.
43
What phrase did Caesar famously say after the **Battle of Zela** (47 B.C.)?
Veni, vidi, vici (I came, I saw, I conquered) ## Footnote This statement reflected his swift victory.
44
Who led the conspiracy against **Caesar** in **44 B.C.**?
Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus ## Footnote Their actions led to Caesar's assassination.
45
What was the **Second Triumvirate** (43 B.C.)?
Alliance between Gaius Octavius, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, and Mark Antony ## Footnote This alliance was formed to defeat the assassins of Caesar.
46
What was the outcome of the **Battle of Philippi** (42 B.C.)?
Octavian and Mark Antony defeat Brutus and Cassius ## Footnote This battle solidified the power of the Second Triumvirate.
47
Who was the first emperor of the **Flavian Dynasty**?
Vespasian ## Footnote He ruled from 69 A.D. to 79 A.D.
48
What significant event did **Titus** deal with during his reign?
Mt. Vesuvius erupts in August 79 A.D. ## Footnote This disaster had a profound impact on the region.
49
What unpopular tax did Vespasian place on public toilet use, known as **Vespasiani**?
A tax on public toilet use ## Footnote The toilets were referred to as *Vespasiani*.
50
What phrase did Vespasian reportedly proclaim on his death, which translates to **'Alas, I think I'm becoming a god!'**?
Vae, puto deus fio ## Footnote This reflects his perception of his own status.
51
Who was the **son of Vespasian** that reigned from 79 A.D. to 81 A.D.?
Titus ## Footnote He fought for his father in Judaea.
52
What significant disaster occurred during Titus's reign in August 79 A.D.?
Mt. Vesuvius erupts ## Footnote This eruption destroyed Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae.
53
Who was the **younger son of Vespasian** that completed the Arch of Titus?
Domitian ## Footnote He was also the brother of Titus.
54
What title did Domitian give himself, which translates to **'Lord and God'**?
Dominus et Deus ## Footnote This title reflects his view of his own authority.
55
What was the period known as the **Five Good Emperors**?
96 A.D. – 193 A.D. ## Footnote This era is characterized by a succession of capable rulers.
56
Who was the first of the **Five Good Emperors**, ruling from 96 A.D. to 98 A.D.?
Nerva ## Footnote He was chosen by the senate after Domitian’s death.
57
What significant achievement is **Trajan** known for during his reign from 98 A.D. to 117 A.D.?
Rome reached its greatest territorial extent ## Footnote He is considered one of the greatest Roman emperors.
58
What structure commemorates Trajan's victories over the Dacians?
Trajan’s column ## Footnote It is built in Trajan’s forum.
59
What wall did **Hadrian** establish in Britain during his reign from 117 A.D. to 138 A.D.?
Hadrian's Wall ## Footnote It was built from the River Tyne to the Solway Firth.
60
Who was known as the **'philosopher-king'** and authored the work *Meditations*?
Marcus Aurelius ## Footnote He was the last of the Five Good Emperors.
61
What was the fate of **Commodus**, who reigned from 180 A.D. to 192 A.D.?
Killed on New Year’s Eve, 192 A.D. ## Footnote His death involved a conspiracy with the praetorian prefect Aemilius Laetus.
62
What was the **Constitutio Antoniniana** established by Caracalla?
Granting citizenship to all freedmen throughout the empire ## Footnote This was a significant legal reform.
63
Who was the first non-senator to become emperor during the Severan Dynasty?
Marcinus ## Footnote His rise marked a shift in the political structure.
64
What title did **Aurelian** receive for defeating Zenobia?
Restitutor Orientis ## Footnote This title means 'Restorer of the East'.
65
What significant reform did **Diocletian** implement in 293 A.D.?
Initiated the Tetrarchy ## Footnote The empire was ruled by four people, two as Augusti and two as Caesares.
66
What major event did **Constantine I** achieve at the Milvian Bridge in 312 A.D.?
Defeated Maxentius ## Footnote This victory solidified his control over the west.
67
What was the **Edict of Milan** issued by Constantine?
Legalized Christianity across the whole Empire ## Footnote This marked a significant shift in religious policy.
68
Who was the last emperor to rule both the east and the west before the empire split?
Theodosius I ## Footnote He made Christianity the official state religion.
69
What year is traditionally marked as the end of the Western Roman Empire with the deposition of **Romulus Augustulus**?
476 A.D. ## Footnote He was deposed by the German king Odoacer.
JCL History
flashcards
Decks in class (2)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions