Untitled Deck

Question 1

What labs help differentiate bacterial vs viral infection?

Answer 1

CBC, platelet count, CRP, procalcitonin, ESR, cultures

Question 2

How is enterovirus transmitted?

Answer 2

Fecal-oral, respiratory, and vertical transmission

Question 3

When is enterovirus most common?

Answer 3

Summer and fall

Question 4

Name common diseases caused by enterovirus.

Answer 4

Hand-foot-mouth, herpangina, pleurodynia, myocarditis, meningitis, conjunctivitis, neonatal sepsis

Question 5

Classic presentation of HSV-1 gingivostomatitis?

Answer 5

Pharyngitis with erythematous vesicles, halitosis, lymphadenopathy

Question 6

What is herpes labialis?

Answer 6

Clusters of vesicles that crust over, classic cold sore

Question 7

Typical presentation of HSV-2 primary infection?

Answer 7

Vesicopustules and ulceration with edema in genital areas

Question 8

How is neonatal HSV infection characterized?

Answer 8

Always symptomatic and severe disease

Question 9

General treatment approach for HSV?

Answer 9

Supportive unless life-threatening

Question 10

Most common cause of infectious mononucleosis?

Answer 10

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Question 11

Mode of transmission for mononucleosis?

Answer 11

Close personal contact, pharyngeal secretions, blood

Question 12

Key diagnostic findings in mono?

Answer 12

CBC >10% lymphocytes, positive Monospot (80% accurate)

Question 13

Cardinal symptoms of mono?

Answer 13

Fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly

Question 14

Treatment for uncomplicated mononucleosis?

Answer 14

Supportive care only; avoid steroids and acyclovir

Question 15

Activity restriction in mono?

Answer 15

Avoid contact sports and strenuous exercise

Question 16

How is varicella transmitted?

Answer 16

Direct contact, droplets, airborne

Question 17

Describe varicella rash progression.

Answer 17

Pruritic lesions → vesicles → crust in 24–48 hrs

Question 18

When is varicella no longer contagious?

Answer 18

After lesions crust over

Question 19

Treatment for immunocompromised varicella patients?

Answer 19

IV acyclovir

Question 20

Major complication to monitor for in varicella?

Answer 20

Reye’s syndrome

Question 21

Three routes of mother-to-child HIV transmission?

Answer 21

In utero, intrapartum, postpartum

Question 22

What happens to CD4 count in HIV?

Answer 22

Decreases as viral load increases

Question 23

Goal of HIV treatment?

Answer 23

Undetectable viral load

Question 24

Newborn HIV prophylaxis?

Answer 24

Zidovudine protocol

Question 25

Age group most affected by roseola?

Answer 25

6–18 months

Question 26

Classic roseola pattern?

Answer 26

High fever that breaks, then rash appears

Question 27

Roseola rash description?

Answer 27

Diffuse rose-colored maculopapular rash

Question 28

What are the “3 C’s” of measles?

Answer 28

Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis

Question 29

Pathognomonic sign of measles?

Answer 29

Koplik spots in oral mucosa

Question 30

Measles rash progression?

Answer 30

Starts on head → spreads downward

Question 31

Major complications of measles?

Answer 31

Encephalitis, DIC, myocarditis, bacterial superinfection

Question 32

Virus that causes mumps?

Answer 32

Paramyxovirus

Question 33

Key sign of mumps?

Answer 33

Parotid gland swelling

Question 34

“Pickle sign” in mumps refers to?

Answer 34

Pain with eating sour foods

Question 35

Cause of fifth disease?

Answer 35

Parvovirus B19

Question 36

Hallmark rash of fifth disease?

Answer 36

Slapped cheek rash

Question 37

Treatment for fifth disease?

Answer 37

Supportive; IVIG for immunocompromised

Question 38

Major cause of croup?

Answer 38

Parainfluenza virus

Question 39

Typical treatment for parainfluenza?

Answer 39

Supportive care, oxygen/suction if needed

Question 40

Rubella classic lymphadenopathy location?

Answer 40

Postauricular and posterior cervical

Question 41

Rubella rash duration?

Answer 41

About 3 days

Question 42

Tick must feed how long to transmit Lyme disease?

Answer 42

At least 36 hours

Question 43

Early Lyme disease rash?

Answer 43

Erythema migrans

Question 44

First-line treatment for Lyme <8 years?

Answer 44

Amoxicillin 50 mg/kg/day for 14–21 days

Question 45

First-line treatment for Lyme ≥8 years?

Answer 45

Doxycycline 100 mg BID for 14–21 days

Question 46

Typical presentation of community MRSA?

Answer 46

Boils, furuncles, abscesses, multiple lesions

Question 47

When should MRSA lesions be cultured?

Answer 47

If purulent or >5 cm, or after I&D

Question 48

Common outpatient MRSA antibiotics?

Answer 48

Clindamycin, Bactrim, doxycycline, linezolid

Question 49

Cause of cat scratch disease?

Answer 49

Bartonella henselae

Question 50

Typical lymph nodes involved in CSD?

Answer 50

Axillary, cervical, submandibular

Question 51

Treatment for uncomplicated cat scratch disease?

Answer 51

Supportive; spontaneous recovery

Question 52

Organism causing meningococcal disease?

Answer 52

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 53

Hallmark dangerous rash in meningococcemia?

Answer 53

Petechial rash progressing to septic shock

Question 54

Immediate treatment for suspected meningococcal disease?

Answer 54

Start IV antibiotics without waiting for cultures

Question 55

Most common age for GABHS pharyngitis?

Answer 55

5–15 years

Question 56

Rapid strep limitation?

Answer 56

Poor sensitivity, must confirm with culture

Question 57

Drug of choice for GABHS?

Answer 57

Penicillin V or Penicillin G

Question 58

When can child return to school after strep?

Answer 58

Afebrile and 24 hours after starting antibiotics

Question 59

Organism causing TB?

Answer 59

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 60

First-line TB medications?

Answer 60

INH, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide

Question 61

Most important rule for infants with fever?

Answer 61

Fever demands immediate attention

Question 62

Key concept for fever without focus?

Answer 62

Follow evidence-based algorithm for evaluation