What is an organization?
A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish a specific purpose individuals could not achieve alone.
Three characteristics of an organization?
Distinct purpose; people; deliberate structure.
What is a manager?
Someone who coordinates and oversees the work of others to achieve organizational goals.
What does a governing board do?
Sets mission and vision; provides oversight; ensures long-term objectives are met.
Role of top managers?
Make organization-wide decisions and set long-term direction.
Role of middle managers?
Manage first-line managers and implement top management plans.
Role of first-line managers?
Directly supervise non-managerial employees.
Mintzberg’s three categories of managerial roles?
Interpersonal; Informational; Decisional.
Example of an informational role?
Monitor; Disseminator; Spokesperson.
Example of an interpersonal role?
Figurehead; Leader; Liaison.
Example of a decisional role?
Entrepreneur; Disturbance Handler; Resource Allocator; Negotiator.
Katz’s three management skills?
Technical; Human; Conceptual.
Most critical skill for top managers?
Conceptual skills.
Most critical skill for first-line managers?
Technical skills.
Emotional intelligence definition?
Ability to manage ourselves and our relationships effectively.
Five components of emotional intelligence?
Self-awareness; Self-regulation; Motivation; Empathy; Social skills.
Upside-down pyramid meaning?
Managers support and enable front-line employees rather than control them.
What always accompanies accountability?
Dependency on others’ performance.
Efficiency definition?
Doing things right—using resources with minimal waste.
Effectiveness definition?
Doing the right things—achieving organizational goals.
Four functions of management?
Planning; Organizing; Leading; Controlling.
Primary cause of manager failure?
Poor interpersonal and communication skills.
Key lesson of the Maria case?
Technical skill does not automatically translate to management success.
Core assumption of classical management?
People are rational and respond to structured systems and incentives.
