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2.5: Vocabulary:
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Marrow- type of
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connective tissue found in
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the bones that produce
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red blood cells.
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Red blood cells-small
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pliable cells that have no
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nucleus and are
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specialized for carrying
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oxygen to all the cells of
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the body.
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Specialized cells- cells
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that have specific
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structures that help them
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perform particular
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functions
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2.5: Cells in Multicellular Organisms Combine to
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Form Tissues and Organs
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Unicellular organisms are tiny because there are limits to
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how large they can grow.
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Unicellular organisms are that size to allow for the more
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efficient use of osmosis and diffusion.
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How is their size a benefit to the above process? Discuss…
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Cells Reproduce:
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Unicellular organisms grow
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and develop until they
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reach the limits of their
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size.
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Once they have reached
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their size limits
they
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reproduce by dividing
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Make sure you draw and
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labeled fig 2.33
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This is the same process by
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which your body replaces
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50
0
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Your body cells also
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reproduce to repair
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damaged tissues.
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Multicellular Organisms Have Specialized Cells:
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You and Multicellular
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organisms are made of
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specialized cells
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Specialized cells mean that
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the cells have a specific
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function to perform in
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order for the multicellular
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organism to live.
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Each kind of cell has
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specific structures that
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enable it to perform its
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function.
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Multicellular Organisms Have Specialized Cells
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(cont’d):
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Example of a specialized cell is
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the red blood cells
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Mature red blood cells have no
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nucleus and cannot reproduce
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by division.
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Red blood cells reproduce by
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having a specialized tissue
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from the skeletal system
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called marrow make them.
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Specialization means that the
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cells of a multicellular
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organism must work together
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to support their own lives
as
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well as the life of the whole
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individual.
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Similar Cells Combine to Form Tissue:
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In animals and humans
cells are
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organized into four different
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tissue types; connective
nervous
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epithelial and muscle tissue.
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Organs are made of tissues.
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Almost all organs are made up of
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different combinations of these
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four tissue types.
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Connective tissue- supports and
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connects different parts of the
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body. E.g.- blood
fat
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bones
and tendons
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Nervous tissue- makes up of the
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brain
spinal cord
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Epithelial tissue- covers the
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surface of your body and the
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outside of your organs and lines
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some of the insides of certain
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organs. E.g.- intestine.
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Similar Cells Combine to Form Tissue (cont’d):
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Muscle tissue- allows you to
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move. Cardiac muscle tissue
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pumps blood through your
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heart and smooth muscle
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moves food along your
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intestine.
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Tissues in Plants:
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Plant cells are also organized
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into tissues; the three types
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are: photosynthetic/storage
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protective
and transport.
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Make sure you drew/labeled
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fig. 2.37
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Tissues are organized into the
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three organs that make up the
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plant: the leaves
the roots
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and the stems.
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Plants
unlike animals do not
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have organs organized into
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organ systems-the organs still
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cannot live without each other.
Science 8A
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