Untitled Deck Flashcards

(40 cards)

1
Q

___________________ is generally defined as a relatively stable pattern of psychological characteristics called traits.

A

Personality

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2
Q

___________________ are enduring and consistent patterns of thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and behaviors.

A

Traits

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3
Q

One of the more revolutionary aspects of Freud’s personality theory was his belief that much of our personality operates at the level of the ___________________.

A

Unconscious

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4
Q

According to Freud, the mind operates on three interacting levels of awareness: ___________________, ___________________, and ___________________

A

The conscious, the pre-conscious, and the unconscious

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5
Q

The ___________________ contains mental events of which we are actively aware at the moment.

A

Conscious mind

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6
Q

The ___________________ contains aspects of mental life which are not conscious at any moment but can easily be brought to awareness.

A

Pre-conscious

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7
Q

The ___________________ contains thoughts, feelings, and motives which are not available either at the conscious or pre-conscious level.

A

Unconscious

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8
Q

Freud’s theory is known as the ___________________ theory of personality.

A

Psycho-dynamic, psycho-analytic, or psycho-sexual

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9
Q

According to Freud, all mental activity is driven by two competing, universal, and inborn life forces or instincts - the sexual life force called ___________________ and the death force called ___________________.

A

Eros, thantos

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10
Q

Freud believed there are three parts of personality. He named them ___________________, ___________________, and ___________________.

A

id, ego, and superego

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11
Q

___________________ was said by Freud to be an instinctive and unconscious aspect of the personality that seeks immediate gratification.

A

Id

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12
Q

Freud described ego as our ___________________, the public and private expression of our personality.

A

Sense of self

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13
Q

According to Freud, ___________________ operates like a judge or supervisor of personality.

A

Superego

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14
Q

___________________ are the means by which Freud thought we avoid consciously confronting troublesome thoughts, memories, and impulses.

A

Defense mechanisms

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15
Q

___________________ is refusing to admit something has happened. (Freud)

A

Denial

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16
Q

___________________ is making up a good-sounding or over-stated, but wrong, explanation for one’s behavior. (Freud)

A

Rationalization

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17
Q

___________________ describes taking a detached, rational, and logical approach to emotionally uncomfortable issues. (Freud)

A

Intellectualization

18
Q

___________________ refers to seeing our own unpleasant/unacceptable impulses in others. (Freud)

19
Q

___________________ describes focusing unpleasant emotions somewhere other than where they belong. (Freud)

20
Q

___________________ refers to pushing uncomfortable memories into the subconscious. (Freud)

21
Q

___________________ refers to channeling primitive sexual and aggressive impulses into socially acceptable activities. (Freud)

22
Q

___________________ describes an unconscious effort to defend ego from stress by reverting to behavior characteristic of a younger age. (Freud)

23
Q

Carl Jung called his personality theory ___________________.

A

Analytic psychology

24
Q

Jung believed that the mind existed in three levels: the _________________, the ____________________, and the ____________________.

A

Conscious, personal unconscious, collective unconscious

25
According to Jung, ___________________ are universal images and universal ways that people behave and interpret experiences.
Archetypes
26
Jung thought that the goal of life is ___________________ or becoming a whole.
Individuation
27
The Myers-Briggs personality type indicator is a personality test based on the personality traits suggested by ___________________.
Carl Jung
28
Alfred Adler is famous in the history of psychology for his approach to personality that he called ___________________.
Individual psychology
29
Adler was an early supporter of the importance of ___________________ on personality development.
Birth order
30
Adler thought personality development was largely based on a drive for ___________________.
Perfection
31
Adler emphasized sibling rivalry and the likelihood of developing an ___________________ if sufficient parental approval is not received.
Inferiority complex
32
According to the ___________________ perspective, personality is nothing more than learned patterns of behavior.
Behaviorist
33
___________________ are collections of traits that occur together in some individuals.
Personality types
34
Today most psychologists believe that personality can be well described in terms of the ___________________ personality traits.
Big Five
35
The Big Five personality traits are: ___________________
Extroverted or introverted. Agreeable or antagonistic. Conscientious or negligent. Emotionally stable or emotionally unstable. Open to new experiences/ideas or closed to new experiences/ideas. (O.C.E.A.N)
36
___________________ refers to the perception that chance or outside forces determine one’s fate.
An external locus of control
37
___________________ refers to the perception that a person determines or controls their own fate.
An internal locus of control
38
The ___________________ is the most popular self-report personality inventory in use today.
Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
39
The ___________________ is a well-known self-report personality inventory that includes both validity scales and clinical scales to provide a wide range of information to psychologists.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
40
The ___________________ test asks subjects to interpret ambiguous images or scenes in order to reveal information about their personality and psychological functioning.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)