Upper

Question 1

Infraspinatus: Origin

Answer 1

Infraspinous fossa

Question 2

Infraspinatus: Insertion

Answer 2

Greater tubercle of head of humerus

Question 3

Infraspinatus: Action

Answer 3

1. Laterally/externally rotate shoulder
2. Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity/fossa

Question 4

Supraspinatus: Origin

Answer 4

Supraspinous fossa

Question 5

Supraspinatus: Insertion

Answer 5

Greater tubercle of head of humerus

Must indicate that its muscle belly runs underneath the acromion

Question 6

Supraspinatus: Action

Answer 6

1. Abduct the shoulder the first 30 degrees
2. Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity/fossa

Question 7

Teres Minor: Origin

Answer 7

Upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula

Question 8

Teres Minor: Insertion

Answer 8

Greater tubercle of head of humerus

Question 9

Teres Minor: Action

Answer 9

1. Laterally/externally rotate shoulder
2. Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity/fossa

Question 10

Teres Major: Origin

Answer 10

1. Inferior angle of scapula
2. Lower 1/3 of lateral border of scapula

Question 11

Teres Major: Insertion

Answer 11

Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 12

Teres Major: Action

Answer 12

1. Adduct the shoulder
2. Medially rotate shoulder
3. Extend the shoulder

Question 13

Latissimus Dorsi: Origin

Answer 13

1. Inferior angle of scapula
2. Last 3 or 4 ribs
3. Posterior iliac crest
4. Thoracolumbar fascia
5. Spinous processes of the last 6 thoracic vertebrae (T7-T12)

Question 14

Latissimus Dorsi: Insertion

Answer 14

Intertubercular/bicipetal groove of humerus

Must communicate how muscle wraps under the axilla

Question 15

Latissimus Dorsi: Action

Answer 15

1. Adduct the shoulder
2. Medially rotate shoulder
3. Extend the shoulder

Question 16

Rhomboids: Origin

Answer 16

Spinous processes of C7 to T5

Question 17

Rhomboids: Insertion

Answer 17

Medial border of scapula between spine of scapula and inferior angle of scapula

Question 18

Rhomboids: Action

Answer 18

1. Adduct/retract the scapula
2. Elevate the scapula

Question 19

Pectoralis Minor: Origin

Answer 19

3rd to 5th ribs

Question 20

Pectoralis Minor: Insertion

Answer 20

Coracoid process of the scapula

Question 21

Pectoralis Minor: Action

Answer 21

1. Depress the scapula
2. Abduct/protract the scapula

Question 22

Deltoid: Origin

Answer 22

1. Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
2. Acromion
3. Spine of scapula

Question 23

Deltoid: Insertion

Answer 23

Deltoid tuberosity

Question 24

Deltoid: Action

Answer 24

All fibers/middle fibers:
Abduct the shoulder

Anterior fibers:
1. Flex the shoulder
2. Medially rotate the shoulder

Posterior fibers:
1. Extend the shoulder
2. Laterally rotate the shoulder

One action for each fiber direction

Question 25

Levator Scapula: Origin

Answer 25

1st to 4th TVPs of cervical vertebrae (TVPs C1 to C4)

Question 26

Levator Scapula: Insertion

Answer 26

Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and spine of scapula

Question 27

Levator Scapula: Action

Answer 27

1. Elevate the scapula 2. Laterally flex neck 3. Rotate head and neck to the same side 4. Extend the head and neck

Question 28

Pectoralis Major: Origin

Answer 28

1. Medial 1/2 of clavicle 2. Sternum 3. Cartilage of 1st through 6th ribs

Question 29

Pectoralis Major: Insertion

Answer 29

Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

Question 30

Pectoralis Major: Action

Answer 30

**All fibers:** 1. Adduct the shoulder 2. Medially rotate shoulder | Border/barrier required

Question 31

Extensor Digitorum: Origin

Answer 31

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Question 32

Extensor Digitorum: Insertion

Answer 32

Bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th fingers

Question 33

Extensor Digitorum: Action

Answer 33

1. Extend the 2nd through 5th fingers 2. Extend the wrist

Question 34

Extensor Carpi Radalis Brevis: Origin

Answer 34

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Question 35

Extensor Carpi Radalis Brevis: Insertion

Answer 35

Base of 3rd metacarpal

Question 36

Extensor Carpi Radalis Brevis: Action

Answer 36

1. Extend the wrist 2. Abduct the wrist (radial deviation)

Question 37

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Origin

Answer 37

**Humeral head:** Medial epicondyle of humerus **Ulnar head:** Posterior surface of proximal 2/3 of ulna

Question 38

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Insertion

Answer 38

1. Pisiform 2. Hook of hamate 3. Base of 5th metacarpal

Question 39

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Action

Answer 39

1. Flex the wrist 2. Adduct the wrist (ulnar deviation)

Question 40

Flexor Carpi Radialis: Origin

Answer 40

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Question 41

Flexor Carpi Radialis: Insertion

Answer 41

Bases of 2nd through 3rd metacarpals

Question 42

Flexor Carpi Radialis: Action

Answer 42

1. Flex the wrist 2. Abduct the wrist (radial deviation)

Question 43

Pronator Teres: Origin

Answer 43

1. Medial epicondyle of humerus 2. Coronoid process of ulna

Question 44

Pronator Teres: Insertion

Answer 44

Middle of lateral surface of the radius

Question 45

Pronator Teres: Action

Answer 45

1. Pronate the forearm 2. Assist to flex the elbow

Question 46

Triceps Brachii: Origin

Answer 46

**Long head:** Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula **Lateral head:** Posterior proximal 1/2 of humerus **Medial head:** Posterior distal 1/2 of humerus

Question 47

Triceps Brachii: Insertion

Answer 47

Olecranon process of the ulna

Question 48

Triceps Brachii: Action

Answer 48

**All heads:** Extend the elbow **Long head:** Extend the shoulder

Question 49

Biceps Brachii: Origin

Answer 49

**Short head:** Coracoid process of scapula **Long head:** Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula | Supraglenoid tubercle is not palpable but location should be indicated

Question 50

Biceps Brachii: Insertion

Answer 50

1. Tuberosity of the radius 2. Aponeurosis of the biceps brachii

Question 51

Biceps Brachii: Action

Answer 51

1. Flex the elbow 2. Flex the shoulder 3. Supinate the forearm ## Footnote Uppercut