Anatomy (Upper Extremity) > Upper Extremity > Flashcards

Upper Extremity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the origin of Trapezius?

A

occipital bone, nuchal ligament, thoracic spinous processes

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2
Q

What is the insertion of Trapezius?

A
  • Clavicle
  • acromion
  • spine of scapula
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3
Q

What is the innervation of Trapezius?

A

CN XI - Accessory

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4
Q

What are the actions of Trapezius?

A

Superior: elevation and upward rotation of scapula

Middle: retraction of scapula (adduction)

Inferior: depression and upward rotation of the scapula

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5
Q

What is the origin of Latissimus Dorsi?

A
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Iliac crests
  • Ribs
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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi insertion

A

Anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus

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7
Q

What innervates Latissimus Dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal (long scapular nerve)

C6, C7, C8

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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Actions?

A

Glenohumeral joint: Extension, adduction, medial rotation

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9
Q

Levator Scapulae: origin

A

cervical transverse processes (C1-C4)

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10
Q

Levator Scapulae: insertion

A

superior angle of scapula

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11
Q

Levator Scapulae: innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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12
Q

Levator Scapulae: actions

A
  • Elevation of scapula

- Downward rotation of scapula

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13
Q

Rhomboid major: origin

A
  • Nuchal ligament

- throacic spinous processes

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14
Q

Rhomboid major: insertion

A

medial border of scapula

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15
Q

Rhomboid major: innervation

A

dorsal scapular (C5)

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16
Q

Rhomboid major: action

A
  • retraction of scapula
  • downward rotation of scapula
  • fixes scapula to body wall
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17
Q

Rhomboid minor: origin

A
  • nuchal ligament

- thoracic spinous processes

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18
Q

Rhomboid minor: insertion

A

Medial border of scapula (superior to Rhomboid major)

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19
Q

Rhomboid minor: innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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20
Q

Rhomboid minor: action

A
  • Retration of scapula
  • Downward rotation of scapula
  • Fixes scapula to the body wall
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21
Q

Splenius capitis: origin

A
  • Nuchal ligament

- Thoracic spinous processes

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22
Q

Splenius capitis: insertion

A
  • mastoid process

- occipital bone

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23
Q

Splenius capitis: innervation

A

dorsal rami

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24
Q

Splenius capitis: action

A

Bilateral: extend neck
Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side of neck

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25
Splenius cervicis: origin
- nuchal ligament | - thoracic spinous processes
26
Splenius cervicis: insertion
- Mastoid process | - Cervical transverse processes
27
Splenius cervicis: innervation
dorsal rami
28
Splenius cervicis: action
Bilateral - extension of neck | Unilateral - lateral flexion, rotation to ipilateral side of neck
29
Iliocostalis:origin
- iliac crests - Sacrum - lumbar spinous processes
30
Iliocostalis: insertion
- Ribs | - Transverse processes
31
Iliocostalis: innervation
dorsal rami
32
Iliocostalis: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side
33
Longissimus: origin
- iliac crest - Sacrum - lumbar spinous procesess
34
Longissimus: insertion
- Transverse processes | - mastoid process
35
Longissimus: innvervation
dorsal rami
36
Longissimus: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side
37
Spinalis: origin
- iliac crest - sacrum - lumbar spinous process
38
Spinalis: insertion
- spinous processes | - occipital bone
39
Spinalis: innervation
dorsal rami
40
Spinalis: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to ipsilateral side
41
Semispinalis: origin
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
42
Semispinalis: insertion
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
43
Semispinalis: innervation
dorsal rami
44
Semispinalis: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side
45
Multifidus: origin
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
46
Multifidus: insertion
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
47
Multifidus: innervation
Dorsal Rami
48
Multifidus: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side
49
Rotatores: origin
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
50
Rotatores: insertion
-occupy "gutter" between transverse and spinous processes
51
Rotatores: innervation
Dorsal rami
52
Rotatores: action
Bilateral: extend vertebral column Unilateral: lateral flexion, rotation to contralateral side
53
Pectoralis major: origin
- clavicle - sternum - costal cartilages of superior ribs
54
Pectoralis major: insertion
anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus
55
Pectoralis major: innervation
- Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) | - Lateral pectoral nerve (C5,C6, C7)
56
Pectoralis major: action
Glenohumeral joint: - Adduction - Flexion - Medial rotation
57
Pectoralis minor: origin
ribs 3-5
58
Pectoralis minor: insertion
Coracoid process of scapula
59
Pectoralis minor: innvervation
Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)
60
Pectoralis minor: action
Scapula: - Protraction - Depression - stabilization
61
Serratus Anterior: origin
lateral aspect of ribs 1-8
62
Serratus Anterior: insertion
Anterior surface of scapula medial border
63
Serratus Anterior: innervation
Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)
64
Serratus Anterior: action
Scapula: - protraction - Upward rotation - Fixes scapula to thoracic wall
65
Deltoid: origin
- clavicle - acromion - spine of the scapula
66
Deltoid: insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
67
Deltoid: innervation
axillary nerve (C5, C6)
68
Deltoid: action
anterior: flexion and medial rotation of Glenohumeral joint middle: abduction of glenohumeral joint after 15 degrees posterior: extension and lateral rotation of the glenohumeral joint
69
Teres major: origin
inferior angle of the scapula
70
Teres major: insertion
anteromedial aspect of proximal humerus
71
Teres major: innervation
Lower subscapular (C5, C6)
72
Teres major: action
Glenohumeral joint: - medial rotation - adduction
73
Teres minor: origin
lateral border of scapula
74
Teres minor: insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
75
Teres minor: innervation
Axillary (C5, C6)
76
Teres minor: action
Glenohumeral joint: - lateral rotation - stabilize the glenohumeral joint
77
Supraspinatus: origin
supraspinous fossa of scapula
78
Supraspinatus: insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
79
Supraspinatus: innervation
suprascapular (C5, C6)
80
Supraspinatus: action
Glenohumeral joint: - abduction (initial 15 degrees) - stabilize
81
Infraspinatus: origin
infraspinous fossa of scapula
82
Infraspinatus: insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus
83
Infraspinatus: innervation
suprascapular (C5, C6)
84
Infraspinatus: action
Glenohumeral joint: - lateral rotation - stabilize
85
Subscapularis: origin
subscapular fossa of scapula
86
Subscapularis: insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
87
Subscapularis: innervation
- Upper subscapular (C5, C6) | - Lower subscapular (C5, C6)
88
Subscapularis: action
Glenohumeral joint: - medial rotation - adduction - stabilize
89
Coracobrachialis: origin
coracoid process
90
Coracobrachialis: insertion
midshaft of anterior humerus
91
Coracobrachialis: innervation
musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
92
Coracobrachialis: action
Flex glenohumeral joint
93
Biceps brachii: origin
short head: coracoid process | long head: supraglenoid tubercle
94
Biceps brachii: insertion
- radial tuberosity | - fascia of forearm (bicipital aponerosis)
95
Biceps brachii: innervation
musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
96
Biceps brachii: action
- Flex elbow when supinated - Supinate forearm when elbow flexed - Weakly flex glenohumeral joint
97
Brachialis: origin
Distal half of humerus
98
Brachialis: insertion
ulnar tuberosity
99
Brachialis: innervation
musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
100
Brachialis: action
Flex elbow
101
Triceps brachii: origin
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle lateral head: posterior humerus medial head: posterior humerus
102
Triceps brachii: insertion
olecranon process of ulna
103
Triceps brachii: innervation
Radial (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
104
Triceps brachii: action
- extend elbow joint | - extend glenohumeral joint (long head)
105
Anconeus: innervation
Radial (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
106
Anconeus: action
stabilize elbow joint
107
Pronator teres: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
108
Pronator teres: insertion
midshaft of radius
109
Pronator teres: innervation
median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
110
Pronator teres: action
pronate forearm
111
Flexor carpi radialis: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
112
Flexor carpi radialis: insertion
radial/lateral side of wrist
113
Flexor carpi radialis: innervation
median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
114
Flexor carpi ulnaris: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
115
Flexor carpi ulnaris: insertion
ulnar/medial side of wrist
116
Flexor carpi radialis: action
- Flex wrist | - Abduct wrist
117
Flexor carpi ulnaris: innervation
ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
118
Flexor carpi ulnaris: action
- Flex wrist | - Adduct wrist
119
Palmaris longus: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
120
Palmaris longus: insertion
plamar aponeurosis
121
Palmaris longus: innervation
Median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
122
Palmaris longus: action
Flex wrist
123
Flexor digitorum superficialis: origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
124
Flexor digitorum superficialis: insertion
middle phalanges of digits 2-5
125
Flexor digitorum superficialis: innervation
Median nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
126
Flexor digitorum supericialis: action
- Flex digits 2-5 at MCP and PIP | - Flex wrist
127
Flexor digitorum profundus: origin
- ulna - radius - interosseous membrane
128
Flexor digitorum profundus: insertion
distal phalanges of digits 2-5
129
Flexor digitorum profundus: innervation
- digits 2, 3 and 1/2 of 4th - Median (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1) | - digits 1/2 of 4 and 5th: Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)
130
Flexor digitorum profundus: action
- Flex wrist | - Flex digits 2-5 at MCP, PIP, and DIP
131
Flexor pollicis longus: origin
- ulna - radius - interosseous membrane
132
Flexor pollicis longus: insertion
Distal phalanx of thumb
133
Flexor pollicis longus: innervation
median nerve
134
Flexor pollicis longus: action
- Flex thumb: CMC, MCP, IP | - Flex wrist
135
Pronator quadratus: origin
- ulna - radius - interosseous membrane
136
Pronator quadratus: insertion
distal radius
137
Pronator quadratus: innervation
median
138
Pronator quadratus: action
pronate forearm
139
Brachioradialis: origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
140
Brachioradialis: insertion
distal radius
141
Brachioradialis: innveration
Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
142
Brachioradialis: action
flex elbow joint
143
Extensor carpi radialis longus: origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
144
Extensor carpi radialis longus: insertion
radial/lateral side of dorsal aspect of hand
145
Extensor carpi radialis longus: innervation
Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)
146
Extensor carpi radialis longus: action
- extension of wrist | - abduction of wrist
147
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: origin
lateral epicondyle
148
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: insertion
radial/lateral aspect of dorsal hand
149
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: innervation
radial
150
Extensor carpi radialis brevis: action
- extension of wrist | - abduction of wrist
151
Extensor carpi ulnaris: origin
lateral epicondyle
152
Extensor carpi ulnaris: insertion
ulnar/medial side of the dorsal hand
153
Extensor carpi ulnaris: innervation
radial
154
Extensor carpi ulnaris: action
- Extend wrist | - Adduct wrist
155
Extensor Digitorum: origin
lateral epicondyle
156
Extensor Digitorum: insertion
extensor expansions on digits 2-5
157
Extensor Digitorum: innervation
radial
158
Extensor Digitorum: action
- Extend digits 2-5 MCP, PIP, DIP | - Extend wrist
159
Extensor Digiti Minimi: origin
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
160
Extensor Digiti Minimi: insertion
extensor expansion of digit 5
161
Extensor Digiti Minimi: innervation
radial
162
Extensor Digiti Minimi: action
Extend digit 5 MCP, PIP, DIP
163
Abductor Pollicis Longus:origin
- ulna - radius - interosseous membrane
164
Abductor Pollicis Longus: insertion
-base of MC1
165
Abductor Pollicis Longus: innervation
radial
166
Abductor Pollicis Longus: action
- Abduct Pollix | - Extend Thumb at CMC
167
Extensor Pollicis Brevis: origin
- ulna - radius - interosseous membrane
168
Extensor Pollicis Brevis: insertion
Proximal phalanx of Pollux
169
Extensor Pollicis Brevis: innervation
Radial
170
Extensor Pollicis Brevis: action
extend thumb - CMC, MCP
171
Extensor Pollicis Longus: origin
- ulna - radius - interosseous membrane
172
Extensor Pollicis Longus: insertion
Distal phalanx of pollux
173
Extensor Pollicis Longus: innervation
Radial
174
Extensor Pollicis Longus: action
Extend thumb at CMC, MCP, IP
175
Extensor Indicis: origin
- ulna - radius - interosseous membrane
176
Extensor Indicis: insertion
extensor expansion of digit 2
177
Extensor Indicis: innervation
Radial
178
Extensor Indicis: action
extend digit 2 - MCP, PIP, DIP
179
Supinator: origin
- ulna - radius - interosseous membrane
180
Supinator: insertion
proximal radius
181
Supinator: innervation
radial
182
Supinator: action
supinate forearm when elbow flexed or extended
183
Abductor Pollicis brevis: innervation
recurrent branch of median nerve
184
Abductor Pollicis brevis: action
abduct thumb CMC
185
Flexor Pollicis brevis: innervation
recurrent branch of median nerve
186
Flexor Pollicis brevis: action
flex thumb - CMC, MCP
187
Opponens Pollicis: innervation
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
188
Opponens Pollicis: action
oppose thumb- CMC
189
Adductor Pollicis (transverse and oblique heads): innervation
ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
190
Adductor Pollicis (transverse and oblique heads): action
Adduct thumb - CMC
191
Abductor Digiti Minimi: innervation
ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
192
Abductor Digiti Minimi: action
abduct digit 5 - MCP
193
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis: innervation
Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1)
194
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis: action
Flex digit 5 - CMC, MCP
195
Opponens Digiti Minimi: innervation
Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)
196
Opponens Digiti Minimi: action
oppose digit 5 - CMC
197
Lumbricals: origin
tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
198
Lumbricals: insertion
extensor expansions of digits 2-5
199
Lumbricals: innervation
``` Median nerve: digits 2 and 3 Ulnar nerve (C7, C8, T1): digits 4 and 5 ```
200
Lumbricals: action
- Flex MCP of digits 2-5 | - Extend PIP and DIP of digits 2-5
201
Palmar interossei (3): innervation
ulnar (C7, C8, T1)
202
Palmar interossei (3): action
PAD: adduct MCP digits 2-5 | Digit 3, middle finger is axis
203
Dorsal interossei (4): innervation
Ulnar (C7, C8, T1)
204
Dorsal interossei (4): action
"DAB": abduct MCP digits 2-5
Anatomy (Upper Extremity)
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