Upper Extremity Joints

Question 1

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 1

• sellar (saddle) synovial joint
• Between sternum & clavicle
• Articular capsule, Articular disc, Costoclavicular L., Anterior sternoclavicular L., Posterior sternoclavicular L., Interclavicular L.

Question 2

Acromioclavicular joint

Answer 2

• planar synovial joint
• clavicle & acromion of scapula
• Articular capsule, Articular disc, Acromioclavicular L., Coracoclavicular L.’s (trapezoid L. + Conoid L.)

Question 3

Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 3

• Spheriodal synovial joint
• Glenoid cavity of scapular head & head of humerus
• Glenoid labrum, Articular capsule (fibrous capsule + synovial membrane: Bursae of glenohemeral joint: Subscapular bursa + Subacromial bursa), Glenohumeral L’s, Coracohumeral L, Transverse humeral L, Coracoacromial arch: coracoacromial L

Question 4

Elbow joint

Answer 4

- ginglymus (hinge) synovial joint

• Humeral condyle & trochlear notch of ulna & head of radius

Question 5

Humeroulnar joint (elbow joint)

Answer 5

-ginglymus (hinge) synovial joint

• ulna & humerus
• ulnar collateral L of elbow: anterior band, posterior band, oblique band

Question 6

Humeroradial joint (elbow joint)

Answer 6

-ginglymus (hinge) synovial joint

• humerus & radius
• Radial collateral L. of elbow

Question 7

Bursae of elbow joint

Answer 7

• Olecranon bursae: subtendinous olecranon bursa, intratendinous olecranon bursa, subcutaneous olecranon bursa
• Subcutaneous bursa of medial humeral epicondyle
• Subcutaneous bursa of lateral humeral epicondyle
• Bursa of anconeus
• Bursa @ origin of extensor carpi radialis brevis
• Bicipitoradial bursa

Question 8

Proximal radioulnar joint

Answer 8

• Trochoid (pivot) synovial joint
• radius & ulna
• articular capsule, sacciform recess, annular L

Question 9

Middle radioulnar joint

Answer 9

• Syndesmosis (fibrous joint)
• Radius & ulna
• Oblique cord, interosseous membrane

Question 10

Distal Radioulnar joint

Answer 10

- Trochoid (pivot) synovial joint

• head of ulna & ulnar notch of radius & articular disc of wrist (distally)
• Articular capsule: sacciform recess, articular disc of distal radioulnar joint, articulate disc of distal radioulnar joint

Question 11

Radiocarpal (wrist) joint

Answer 11

- condylar synovial joint

• distal end of radius & articular disc of wrist & scaphoid, lunate, & triquetrum bones
• Articular capsule, Articular disc of distal radioulnar joint, palmar radiocarpal L, Dorsal radiocarpal L, Palmar ulnocarpal L, Dosal ulnocarpal L, Radial collateral L. of wrist, Ulnar collateral L, of wrist

Question 12

Intercarpal Joints

Answer 12

- Planar synovial joints

• scapholunate, lunotiquetrum, pisotriquetrum, pisohamate, trapeziotrapezoid, capitohamate, trapeziocapitate
• Articular capsule (fibrous capsule + synovial membrane), Posterior intercarpal L, Anterior intercarpal L, Interosseous intercarpal L, Pisiform Joint (pisohamate L)

Question 13

Midcarpal Joint

Answer 13

- Sellar (saddle) synovial Joint

- proximal & distal rows of carpal bones

• Articular capsule (synoival membrane & fibrous capsule)

Question 14

Carpometacarpal joints

Answer 14

1. 1st
   - Sellar (saddle) synovial joint
   - trapezium & 1st metacarpal bone
   - Articular capsule, Palmar carpometacarpal L, dorsal carpometacarpal L
2. 2nd-5th

- Planar synovial joint

• distal carpal row & 2nd-5th metacarpal bones
• Articular capsule, Palmar carpometacarpal L, Dorsal carpalmetacarpal L, Pisometacarpal L, Radiate carpal L.

Question 15

Intermetacarpal Joints

Answer 15

- Planar synoival joints

-Articular capsule, Dorsal intermetacarpal L., Palmar Intermetacarpal L, Interosseous intemetacarpal L

Question 16

Metacarpophalangeal joints

Answer 16

- Condylar synovial joints

- Between metacarpals & Proximal phalanges

• Articular capsule, Palmar L, Medial collateral L, Lateral collateral L, Deep transverse metacarpal L.

Question 17

1st interphalangeal joint

Answer 17

• Ginglymus (hinge) synovial joint
• Between middle and distl Phalangy of thumb
• Articular capsule, Palmar L, Medial Collateral L, Lateral collateral L

Question 18

Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints

Answer 18

- (hinge) Ginglymus synovial joint

• Between 2nd-5th proximal and middle phalanges
• Articular capsule, Palmar L, Medial Collateral L, Lateral Collateral L

Question 19

Distal Interphalangeal Joints

Answer 19

-Ginglymus synovial joints (hinge)

• 2nd - 5th middle & distal phalanges
• Articular capsule, Palmar L, Medial collateral L, Lateral collateral L

Question 20

Shoulder and axilla fascia

Answer 20

• Pectoral fascia
• Axillary fascia
• Clavipectoral fascia: Costocoracoid membrane + Suspensory L. of axilla
• Deltoid fascia
• Supraspinour fascia
• Infraspinous fascia

Question 21

Brachium Fascia

Answer 21

• Brachial fascia
• Medial intermuscular septum
• Lateral intermuscular septum

Question 22

Antebrachium

Answer 22

• Antebrachial fascia:
• Interosseous membrane
• Extensor retinaculum: Synovial tendon sheaths
• Palmar carpal L.
• Flexor retinaculum: Common flexor sheath

Question 23

Hand Fascia

Answer 23

• Palmar Fascia:
• Palmar aponeurosis:
• Superficial transverse metacarpal L, Retinacula cutis, Medial fibrous septum, Lateral fibrous septum
• Dorsal Fascia: Fibrous digital sheaths: Digital synovial sheaths

Question 24

Compartments

Answer 24

• Hypothenar (pinky m’s)
• Central Compartment: flexor tendond, lumbrical m’s, superficial palmar arterial arch, digital vessels, digital nerves
• Thenar (thumb m’s)
• Adductor: Adductor pollicis
• Interosseous: Between metarpal bones, contains interossei m’s