Urbanisation

Question 1

Define Urbanisation

Answer 1

An Increase in the Proportion of a Country’s Population living in Urban Areas.

Question 2

In 1950, what Percentage of the Population lived in Urban Areas?

Answer 2

30%

Question 3

In 2014, what Percentage of the Population lived in Urban Areas?

Answer 3

Over 50%

Question 4

State 3 reasons for Urbanisation.

Answer 4

-Rural-Urban Migration
-Natural Increase
-Migrants are Young Adults who have Children. (Increase the Population).

Question 5

Why has the Rate of Urbanisation slowed in Developed Countries?

Answer 5

Urbanisation began during the Industrial Revolution and is slowing due to a change in Job Sectors.

Question 6

What Percentage of the UK’s GDP is equal to the Service Sector?

Answer 6

78%

Question 7

State Issues of Urbanisation. (6)

Answer 7

-Urban Sprawl
-Shortage of Housing in LIC’s
-Shortage of Affordable Housing in HIC’s
-Lack of Urban Services and Waste Disposal
-Unemployment and Underemployment
-Transport Issues

Question 8

China’s Population Increased by … Million between 1970 and 2015.

Answer 8

20 Million

Question 9

State 2 Economic Processes that Encourage Urbanisation.

Answer 9

-Businesses become more Profitable leading to Higher Wages and Job Opportunities.
-Commercial Farming overtakes Subsistence Farming as a Primary Method of Food Production, leading to a Decline of Agricultural jobs.

Question 10

State 2 Social Processes that Encourage Urbanisation.

Answer 10

-Cities have a Higher Standard of Living leading to Economic Growth.
-Migration can cause a mix of People from different Social Backgrounds helping promote Tolerance.

Question 11

State 2 Technological Processes that Encourage Urbanisation.

Answer 11

-Factories in Cities create Hotspots for Technological Advancements.
-High-Tech Industries emerge (Silicon Valley, California is the 3rd Largest tech hub in the World)

Question 12

State 2 Political Processes that Encourage Urbanisation.

Answer 12

-Inequality causes a Working Class to Emerge.
-New Political Movements form to represent the Working Class and reform Urban Issues.

Question 13

State an example of Economic Processes encouraging Urbanisation.

Answer 13

London Docklands 1980s Regeneration into a Financial Hub.

Question 14

State an example of Social Processes encouraging Urbanisation.

Answer 14

Leicester has an Ethnic Diversity due to Migration.

Question 15

State an example of Technological Processes encouraging Urbanisation.

Answer 15

London Underground allowed Suburban Growth.

Question 16

State an example of Political Processes encouraging Urbanisation.

Answer 16

Curitiba (Brazil) Pioneering Integrated Transport and Sustainability.

Question 17

State an example of Demographic Processes encouraging Urbanisation.

Answer 17

Lagos (Nigeria) has had a Huge Growth from Rural-Urban Migration and Natural Increase.

Question 18

State the 4 Disadvantages of Urban Sprawl.

Answer 18

-Increased Flood Risk (Impermeable Surfaces)
-Habitat Loss
-High Fossil Fuel Consumption (Commuting)
-Demand on Infrastructure

Question 19

State the 2 Disadvantages and a Statistic of Shortages of Housing in LIC’s.

Answer 19

-Informal Settlement Growth
-Limited Infrastructure and Services
-UN estimate 1.1 Billion Slum Dwellers Globally.

Question 20

State a Disadvantage and a Statistic of Shortages of Affordable Housing in HIC’s

Answer 20

-Rising Rent and Property Prices
-In London, 73% Population Growth between 2012 +2022 fuelled by Immigration.

Question 21

State 3 Disadvantages and 2 Statistics of Lacking Urban Services and Waste Disposal.

Answer 21

-Spread of Disease
-Electricity Shortages
-Traffic Congestion
-Cities like Addis Ababa only Collect 2/3 of Waste Produced.
-Informal Recycling Economy in Nairobi collect Tyres and make them into Shoes.

Question 22

State a Disadvantage of Unemployment

Answer 22

-Formal Employment is Limited so People rely on the Informal Sector with Little Job Security.

Question 23

State 4 Disadvantages of Transport Issues and State a Statistic.

Answer 23

-Congestion
-Longer Commuting Times
-Air Pollution
-Reduced Productivity
-UK Cities lose Billions annually in Economic Productivity due to traffic Congestion.

Question 24

Define Urban Resurgence.

Answer 24

The Movement of People back into the City Centre.