urinary continence

Question 1

what are the transient causes for DIAPPERS

Answer 1

delirium
infection
atrophic vaginitis/urethritis
pharmological
psychological
excess urinary output
restricted mobility
stool impaction

Question 2

what are established causes of incontenence?

Answer 2

1. detrusor overactivity (urge)
2. urethral incompetence (stress)
3. urethral obstruction
4. detrusor underactivity (overflow)

Question 3

what is the most imporant step in evaluation of incontinence?

Answer 3

history

Question 4

what is the stress test for incontinence?

Answer 4

patient coughs while standing w/ a full bladder

Question 5

what is considered an adequate post-void residual?

Answer 5

<50 mL

Question 6

what is instantaneous urine leakage in response to stress maneuver?

Answer 6

stress incontinence: urethral incontinece

Question 7

what is the treatment for stress incontinence?

Answer 7

kegel/ pessary/ sling surgery

Question 8

what is the MC cause of urge incontinence?

Answer 8

detrusor overactivity

Question 9

if urge incontinence happens quickly what do you have to rule out?

Answer 9

bladder stones/tumor

Question 10

what is the first line treatment for urge incontinence?

Answer 10

bladder training, weight loss, kegel

antimuscarinics first line: tolterodine, oxybutynin, fesoterodine, solifencin

antispasmoidcs: mirabegron

Question 11

patient has increased nocturia, and frequent small leakage, and increased postvoiding residual?

Answer 11

overflow incontinence

Question 12

what is the treatment for urethral obstuction?

Answer 12

surgical decompression most effective