Demonstrate understanding of the role of the kidneys in fluid & electrolyte balance
Define electrolyte; distinguish between the key electrolytes in the ICF versus ECF
Define water balance; describe the thirst mechanism
Justify the role of sodium as the only solute exerting significant osmotic pressure & describe the influences of aldosterone, cardiovascular baroreceptors, ADH, & ANF on sodium balance
Outline the main features of potassium balance
Outline the main features of calcium & phosphate balance
Describe the three mechanisms of acid-base balance used in the body; describe the third mechanism (renal) in detail, showing how the kidneys are able to unload extra H+ ions