Human Bio > Urinary System Test > Flashcards

Urinary System Test Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

5 ways kidneys maintain homeostasis

A
  1. Regulation of water, blood, and interstitial fluid volumes
  2. Excretion of wastes, solutes, and toxins
  3. Regulation of pH in body
  4. Regulation of normal blood pressure
  5. Synthesis of calcitrol and erythropoietin
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2
Q

5 factors that INCREASE metabolic rate

A
  1. Exercise
  2. Food intake
  3. Hormones
  4. Body temperature
  5. Nervous stimulation
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3
Q

4 factors that DECREASE metabolic rate

A
  1. Sleep
  2. Malnutrition
  3. Hypothermia
  4. Age
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4
Q

List & define 4 primary routes of heat loss

A
  1. Radiation - no physical contact
  2. Conduction - direct physical contact
  3. Convection - body to air
  4. Evaporation - liquid to a gas
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5
Q

Filtration

A

Movement of blood plasma across the filtration membrane of the renal corpuscle

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6
Q

Reabsorption

A

Return of needed substances back into the bloodstream

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7
Q

Secretion

A

Toxins in the blood not removed by filtration are removed by tubular secretion

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8
Q

Excretion

A

Removal of waste materials from the body

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9
Q

Glycosuria

A

Sugar in urine

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10
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in urine

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11
Q

Pyuria

A

Pus in urine

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12
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful urination

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13
Q

Polyuria

A

Larger amounts of urine

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14
Q

Oliguria

A

Low amounts of urine

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15
Q

Anuria

A

Absence of urine

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16
Q

Casts

A

Substances of mucus that harden and form molds inside tubules

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17
Q

6 components of urine

A
  1. Nitrogen wastes
  2. Electrolytes
  3. Toxins
  4. Pigments
  5. Hormones
  6. Various abnormal things
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18
Q

Antidiuretic

A

Substance that inhibits urine formation

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19
Q

Diuretic

A

Chemical that inhibits sodium reabsorption by kidneys resulting in increased urine volume

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20
Q

Trigone

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A

Triangular region on inner wall of bladder bordered by ureters and exit of urethra

21
Q

Micturition

22
Q

Electrolyte

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A

Chemical that separates ions and conducts an electric current in a water solution

23
Q

Podocyte

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A

cell that forms the visceral layer of a bowman’s capsule

24
Q

Homeostasis

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A

State of well being

25
ADH
Hormone that promotes conservation of water
26
Urine
Fluid produced by kidneys
27
Retroperitoneal
Pertaining to a structure lying external to the parietal peritoneum
28
Adrenal glands
Glands superior to kidney
29
Renal
Pertaining to the kidneys
30
Nephrons
Structures within kidney where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion occur
31
Erythropoietin
Stimulates production of RBCs
32
Renin
Stimulates secretion of aldosterone
33
Cystitis
Inflammation of bladder
34
Calculi
Kidney stones, increased salts in urine
35
Congenital polycystic kidney disease
Kidney failure; abnormal development of renal tubules and collecting ducts causing cysts; genetic
36
Diuresis
Increased production of urine
37
Enuresis
Uncontrolled urination
38
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of glomeruli; viral or bacterial infection
39
Incontinence
Uncontrolled urination
40
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of renal pelus usually caused by bacteria ascending in the tract
41
Retention/suppression
Inability to urinate
42
Uremia
Toxic levels of urea in blood; indication of kidney failure
43
Urethritis
Inflammation of urethra
44
Urinary tract tumors
Usually carcinoma arising from epithelium of low grade malignancy
45
Distention
When things are full
46
Detrusor
Muscle that controls bladder relaxation and contraction
47
Meatus
Opening where you pee
48
Filtrate
Fluid and dissolved substances
49
Nitrogenous waste
Metabolic waste containing nitrogen
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