US Constitution

Question 1

What % of amendments to the constitution are succesful

Answer 1

0.2%

Question 2

Example of presidential action being declared unconstitutional

Answer 2

Clinton vs. City of New York - line item veto unconstitutional

Question 3

What case restored some healthcare powers to states

Answer 3

NFIB vs. Sebelius

Question 4

What case returned abortion powers to the states

Answer 4

Dobbs vs. Jackson

Question 5

What act of congress returned education powers to the states

Answer 5

Every student succeeds act

Question 6

What case returned election powers to the states

Answer 6

Shelby county vs. Holder

Question 7

What Acts took power away from states on healthcare

Answer 7

• ACA
• Medicare and Medicaid

Question 8

What clause leads to horizontal federalism

Answer 8

Full faith and credit clause

Question 9

Characteristics of dual federalism

Answer 9

• emphasis on preserving state power through reserved powers

Question 10

Characteristics of co-operative federalism

Answer 10

• followed crash of 1929
• more reliance on federal government
• weaker distinctions between federal government and state government
• federal government and Supreme Court clashed (eg. In court packing)

Question 11

Characteristics of coercive federalism

Answer 11

• undermined state sovereignty
• federal government could more easily override states and impose policy
• Unfunded mandates eg. Clean Air Act
• Grants with lots of conditions eg. 21-year old alcoholic beverage purchase age condition was attached to federal highway aid in 1984

Question 12

Characteristics of new federalism

Answer 12

• devolved power back to the states
• more use of block grants

Question 13

How long was the 26th amendment considered for? What was it about?

Answer 13

• Just over 2 months
• lowered voting age to 18

Question 14

Example of case removing power over elections from the states

Answer 14

Allen vs. Milligan

Question 15

Example of education programmes limiting federalism

Answer 15

Obama’s Race to the top programme

Question 16

Bush policy on education that restricts federalism

Answer 16

‘No Child left behind’

Question 17

Example of checks and balances (Supreme Court)

Answer 17

Robert Bork rejected by Senate

Question 18

Example of checks and balances (veto)

Answer 18

Obama vetoed the National Defense Authorisation Act

Question 19

Example of checks and balances (power of the purse)

Answer 19

In 2018, Democrats refused to fund Trump’s wall

Question 20

Example of the constitution limiting democracy

Answer 20

Electoral college meant Trump elected even though he won 2 million less votes than Clinton

Question 21

Example of the Constitution enhancing democracy

Answer 21

Entrenches key rights - right to vote, freedom of expression

Question 22

Example of constitution enhancing democracy

Answer 22

Difficulty of amendment process prevents undemocratic principles being entrenched - eg. Flag burning amendment

Question 23

Example of constitution undermining democracy

Answer 23

Amendment process means rights are not updated - equal rights amendment failed to be ratified by the states