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US History EOC Flashcards

US History (68 cards)

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1
Q

Early America

Declaration of Independence

A

Unalienable rights - rights that cannot be taken away (Other nations recognized US as a country; belief in consent of the governed; inspired others to question their governments)

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2
Q

Early America

Principles of the Constitution

A

Limits the power of the federal government by separation of powers and checks and balances

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3
Q

Early America

1st Amendment

A

freedom of religion, assembly, petition, press, speech

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4
Q

Early America

5th Amendment

A

people accused of crimes must be read their rights (Miranda v. Arizona); eminent domain

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5
Q

Early America

Alexis de Tocqueville

A

democracy in America: liberty, egalitarianism, individualism, populism, and laissez-faire

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6
Q

Early America

E Pluribus Unum

A

“Out of many, one”; colonies were different yet came together to form one country

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7
Q

Early America

Civic responsibilities

A

voting in elections, serving on a jury, staying informed on government issues

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8
Q

Gilded Age

Gilded Age

A

businesses became wealthy; corrupt government officials supported business first policies

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9
Q

Gilded Age

Electricity

A

made manufacturing more efficient; light bulb led to more hours of work = more production

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10
Q

Gilded Age

Railroads

A

provided farmers access to distant markets; allowed Americans to settle the West; Bessemer steel provided stronger and cheaper matericals to build

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11
Q

Gilded Age

Monopolies

A

total control of an industry by one company; laws were passed to stop and protect consumer prices

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12
Q

Gilded Age

Andrew Carnegie

A

philanthropist; improved society by donating to education and the arts

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13
Q

Gilded Age

Labor unions

A

fought for better pay, improved working conditions, ended child labor; resulted in increased federal involvement

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14
Q

Gilded Age

Urbanization

A

rapid industrialization led to people moving to cities for employment; caused sanitation problems; taller buildings bulit because of cheaper steel

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15
Q

Gilded Age

Political corruption

A

government officials took bribes; political machines promised infrastructure and jobs in exchange for votes

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16
Q

Gilded Age

Immigrants

A

moved to US for better economic opprotunities; some worked in factories, others farmed, forced to assimilate

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17
Q

Gilded Age

Nativist

A

wanted restrictions on immigration; encouraged assimilation; viewed immigrants as competition for jobs

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18
Q

Gilded Age

Chinese Exclusion Act

A

passed to revent immigrants from taking jobs from settlers out West

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19
Q

Gilded Age

Homestead Act

A

resulted in farmers settling the Great Plains

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20
Q

Gilded Age

Dawes Act

A

intended to assimilate Native Americans into American culture; divided their tribal land into farm plots

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21
Q

Progressive Era

Populist Party Platform

A

coined silver to increase money in circulation, graduated income tax, regulated railroad shipping charges

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22
Q

Progressive Era

Upton Sinclair

A

wrote The Jungle ; resulted in government regulation of food products

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23
Q

Progessive Era

Jane Addams

A

started the settlement house movement in the US to help assimilate immigrants

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24
Q

Progressive Era

W.E.B DeBois

A

founded NAACP, a civil rights group that fought for the legal rights of African Americans

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25
# Progressive Era State reforms
initiative, referendum, recall; increased participation in democracy; made elected officials accountable
26
# Progressive Era Pure Food & Drug Act
(FDA) government policies protecting concumers; resulted from Muckrakers, like Upton Sinclair
27
# Progressive Era National Park Service
created by Roosevelt to conserve land
28
# Progressive Era 19th Amendment
allowed women's sufferage, right to vote
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# Progressive Era Prohibition
women supported; 18th amendment; prohinited sell and consimption of alcohol; hoped to decrease crime and health problems; resulted in more crime and speakeasies
30
# Growing World Power Causes of Spanish-American War
Cuban Revolution, sinking of *USS Maine*
31
# Growing World Power Effects of Spanish-American War
established America as a world imperial power
32
# Growing World Power Reasons for expansionism
to gain access to natural resources and overseas markets; expanision of trade
33
# Growing World Power Alfred Thayer Mahan
advocated for overseas expanision by growing the US Navy
34
# Growing World Power Hawaii
forced annexation by the US; supported by S.B. Dole; along with Guam, gave the U.S military presence in Pacific
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# Growing World Power Puerto Rico
terriroty gained after the Spanish-American war
36
# Growing World Power Panama Canal
US saw a need for its creation during Spanish-American War; obtained land by Roosevelt's "Big Stick" policy; more efficient travel time for navy and businesses
37
# Growing World Power Big Stick Policy
(Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine) US would defend Western Hemisphere from Europe; reinforced Monroe Doctrine
38
# Growing World Power Causes of WW1
rise of militarism, assassination of Franz Ferdinand, sinking of Lusitania
39
# Growing World Power Trench warefare
soldiers fought in trenches with machine guns; resulted in stalemate; tanks and poison gas used to break stalemate
40
# Growing World Power Zimmermann Telegram
Germany tried to ally with Mexico; resulted in US withdrawing position of neutrality
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# Growing World Power Unrestricted submarine warfare
Germans attcked US merchant ships; resulted in US declaring war in Germany
42
# Growing World Power American Expeditionary Force
(AEF) John F. Pershing trained soldiers; led major counterattack on western front
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# Growing World Power Espionage Act
Limited Americans' freedom of speech
44
# Growing World Power Wilson's Fourteen Points
to prevent further conflicts; League of Nations (rejected by US Congress), freedom of the seas, Poland as an independent nation
45
# Roaring 20s Teapot Dome Scandal
bribery scandal during Harding's term; resulted in reduced public confidence in the federal government
46
# Roaring 20s Mass-manufactoring
efficient production made good afforadable: automobile, household items; Henry Ford
47
# Roaring 20s Flappers
women during the Roaring 20s who challenged traditional roles and social norms; unique fashion
48
# Roaring 20s Great Migration
Limited economic opportunity and discrimination in the South resulted in African Americans migrating north for jobs
49
# Roaring 20s Harlem Renaissance
popularity of African American artist, gospel music jazz; influenced civil rights movement
50
# Great Depression & New Deal Overspeculation
when a stock becomes worth more than its value; limited government regulation; led to Great Depression
51
# Great Depression & New Deal Great Depression
demand for good declined because businesses failed, led to high unemployment which resulted in homelessness
52
# Great Depression & New Deal Dust Bowl
caused by drought and poor farming practices
53
# Great Depression & New Deal New Deal
federal government tool on a new, larger role to help the welfare of Americans; protected the economy; provided jobs and morgage loans
54
# Great Depression & New Deal Federal Deposit Indurance Corporation
(FDIC) government guaranteed bank deposits; protected people's savings
55
# Great Depression & New Deal Social Security Act
created a government benefits program to help elderly, disabled, and retired; increased government's responsibility
56
# Great Depression & New Deal Unconstitutional programs
supreme court used 10th amendment to overturn some New Deal programs stating in fringed on states powers
57
# Great Depression & New Deal Roosevelt's court packing plan
response to rejection of some New Deal programs; many disliked becuase it increased power of president
58
# Great Depression & New Deal 22nd Amendment
limited a president to serve only two terms; passed in responce to FDR serving four terms
59
# WW2 Pearl Harbor
Japanses retaliation for a trade embargo; resulted in US entering WW2
60
# WW2 Justification for war
economic and political interdependence of nations; stop spread of totalitarian governments
61
# WW2 Victory gardens
support war efforts by increasing food supply
62
# WW2 Women
took on new roles to support war effort; joined nurse cadets and worked in factories to keep up production
63
# WW2 Japanese American interment camps
violated liberties of Japanese Americans citizens provided in the 14th Amendment
64
# WW2 Tuskegee Airmen
African American military pilots; overcame discrimination to serve; encouraged intergration of armed forces
65
# WW2 Navajo Code Talkers
transmited secret military information
66
# WW2 Vernon Baker
African American veteran of WW2; received Medal of Honor
66
# WW2 The Holocaust
Nazi attempt at the genocide of Jewish people; caused many Jews to migrate ro America
67
# WW2 Atomic bomb
a new strategic weapon developed at Los Alamos, New Mexico; used to quickly end WW2; Japan surrenderd after bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki; resulted in arms race with Soviets
US History
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