i. Potassium: how to administer, when to use caution, common dosage for DRIP
- never put in a push
a. Always dilute in 100 ml or more
i. Renal insufficiency
ii. Endocrine disorders (hypoaldosteronism)
iii. Potassium sparing/altering medications (diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBS, digoxin, beta blockers, etc)
What are the constituents of MTE 4 and MTE 5
- MTE 4: Chromium, copper, manganese, zinc
2. MTE 5: Chromium, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium
Conditions to use caution in
Copper
caution with cholestasis, cirrhosis, Wilson’s dz of copper storage
Conditions to use caution in Manganese
- caution with cholestasis (toxicity may result if biliary excretion is impaired), may cause neuropsychiatric sxs: irritability, excitement, compulsive behavior
Conditions to use caution in Molybdenum
aggravates copper deficiency; avoid in pregnancy
Conditions to use caution in Selenium
- caution with renal dz, decreased excretion
Conditions to use caution in Zinc
- caution with renal dz, biliary excretion conditions, pregnancy, wilson’s dz
Magnesium: Adverse side effects of magnesium, common administration rates, researched uses
Adverse reactions: rapid infusion may cause pt to become flushed w a sensation of heat often in the face, skin, trunk, followed by hypotension, cold sweating and even fainting
DO NOT GIVE MORE THAN 4G PER ADMINISTRATION
- common push: up to 1500 mg over 20-40 min
- Common drip: up to 3000 mg over 2 hours
Researched uses
- Pts w ST elevation and AMI, migraines, bronchial hyper-reactivity
- Mag sulf often given for asthma and headache, mag chloride for cardiac arrhythmia.
i. Calcium: Adverse side effects, special considerations with calcium gluconate
shellfish allergy
Adverse reactions: hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmia, tingling sensations, syncope, cardiac arrest due to effect on nerve conditions and muscle contraction
- What must be decided for each patient as you are formulating his or her potential IV therapy?
a. Goals and monitoring
b. Push vs drip
c. Carrier solution
d. Which nutrients to use
e. Solution osmolarity
f. Which vein to use
g. Infusion rate
Over what gram amount of Vitamin C must you check for a G6PD deficiency?
Dosage > 5g
Compounded IV solutions fall under the USP exemption for Immediate Use if they are used within___ of starting the preparation of the solution.
one hour
How soon must you use uncontaminated multidose vials
max 28 days,
standards of care for site prep before starting an IV duration < 30-45 min
isopropyl ETOH only OK
standards of care for site prep before starting IV duration > 30-45 min
isopropyl ETOH plus chloraprep
PICO: what does this stand for?
a. Patient, problem, population
b. Intervention
c. Comparison, control
d. Outcome
