Uterus

Question 1

The organ of pregnancy is the

Answer 1

Uterus

Question 2

The uterus lies between the __ and ___

Answer 2

Cervix and oviducts

Question 3

5 important roles of the uterus include:

Answer 3

-sperm transport
-prostaglandin production
-support of pre-implantation embryo development
-maternal side of placenta
-expulsion of fetus/placenta at birth

Question 4

The initial split of the uterine horns from the uterine body is called the

Answer 4

Internal bifurcation

Question 5

The bicornuate uterus consists of a (2)

Answer 5

-central body
-two uterine horns

Question 6

In humans/primates, the uterus has virtually NO

Answer 6

Horns (aka Simplex Uterus)

Question 7

In rabbits and marsupials, each uterine horns has a

Answer 7

Cervix (ie. 2 cervix total)

Question 8

Animals with large litters will have larger and more developed

Answer 8

Uterine horns

Question 9

Where the uterine horns split from one another is the

Answer 9

External bifurcation

Question 10

Internal surface of the uterus is the

Answer 10

Endometrium

Question 11

In rumanints, the endometrium has

Answer 11

Small, non glandular protrusions called Caruncles

Question 12

Instead of caruncles, the sow and mare have

Answer 12

Endometrial folds

Question 13

Caruncles/Endometrial folds are the

Answer 13

Point of attachment for placenta

Question 14

Caruncles will ___ during pregnancy

Answer 14

Grow in size (important clue during rectal palpation)

Question 15

The uterus of the cow (3)

Answer 15

-bicornuate uterus
-moderately developed uterine horns
-caruncles present

Question 16

The uterus of the ewe (3)

Answer 16

-bicornuate uterus
-moderately developed uterine horns
-caruncles present

Question 17

The uterus of the mare (4)

Answer 17

-bicornuate uterus
-poorly developed horns
-well developed uterine body
-endometrial folds present

Question 18

The uterus of the sow (3)

Answer 18

-bicornuate uterus
-very well developed horns (large litters)
-endometrial folds

Question 19

The uterus of the bitch (4)

Answer 19

-bicornuate uterus
-well developed horns
-small uterine body
-simple endometrium

Question 20

The uterus of the queen (3)

Answer 20

-bicornuate uterus
-well developed horns
-simple endometrium

Question 21

The queen and bitch show ____ for a few months post-partum

Answer 21

Pigmented placental scars (PS)

Question 22

Pigmented placental scars (PS) are found in the ___ and used to ____

Answer 22

Endometrium of the queen/bitch post-partum; determine if an individual has had a recent litter

Question 23

3 tissue layers of the uterus (from outside in)

Answer 23

1. Perimetrium
2. Myometrium
3. Endometrium

Question 24

Which tissue layer of the uterus is continuous with the peritoneum

Answer 24

Perimetrium

Question 25

Which uterine tissue layer contains outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle

Answer 25

Myometrium

Question 26

Which uterine tissue layer is the outside/serosal layer

Answer 26

Perimetrium

Question 27

Which uterine tissue layer contains mucosa and submucosa

Answer 27

Endometrium

Question 28

Which uterine tissue layer is the muscle layer

Answer 28

Myometrium

Question 29

Which uterine tissue layer has secretory functions

Answer 29

Endometrium

Question 30

Contraction of the Myometrium has 2 effects:

Answer 30

-increased motility (wavelike contractions) that moves fluid down the uterus to the cervix -uterine tone (sustained partial contraction)

Question 31

Both uterine tone and motility are influenced by

Answer 31

Reproductive hormones

Question 32

When would the uterus have low tone? Why?

Answer 32

During pregnancy; retain fetus

Question 33

The Myometrium contains (3)

Answer 33

-outer longitudinal smooth muscle -middle stratum vascular (blood vessels) -inner circular smooth muscle

Question 34

___ covers the endometrial surface and forms ____ within the ___

Answer 34

Mucosal epithelium; spiralled uterine glands; submucosa

Question 35

Endometrium layers (2)

Answer 35

-mucosa -submucosa

Question 36

Uterine glands in the submucosa secrete

Answer 36

Histotroph

Question 37

Histrotroph is secreted by ___ and is a fluid that ___

Answer 37

Uterine glands; supports embryo development prior to placental development

Question 38

The submucosa of the endometrium contains (3)

Answer 38

-glands -blood vessels -connective tissue

Question 39

Unlike humans/apes, the endometrium is

Answer 39

NOT shed during the female cycle in most species

Question 40

Endometrial biopsy is common in ____ to determine ___

Answer 40

Mares; fertility

Question 41

Uterine biopsy can help diagnose ____ which will show ___

Answer 41

Endometritis; fibrosis around the glands in the submucosa