UTI

Question 1

Risk factors for UTI

Answer 1

males
sex 
pregnancy
menopause 
immunosuppression 
diabetes 
urinary obstruction 
renal stones 
urinary catheters 
malformation

Question 2

Organisms and Management

Answer 2

Usually E.coli
(occasionally proteus mirabilis, staph aureus, klebsiella pneumonia)

Drink lots of fluids and urinate often 
In non-pregnant: 
 - treat empirically for E.coli 
 - trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin 
 - if no response to urine culture
 - if upper UTI (pyelo) then treat with Augmentin and Gentamicin 
 - DO NOT TREAT asymptomatic 

in Men
- treat and refer to Urology as uncommon

Question 3

Presentation of UTI

Answer 3

pyelonephritis: fevers, rigors, vomiting, loin pain, flank tenderness, oliguria (AKI)
cystitis: freq, urgency, haematuria, suprapubic pain
prostatitis: flu-like illness, backache, enlarged prostate on PR, few urinary symptoms