UWISS notes

Question 1

Name the anterior border of the middle mediastinum

Answer 1

Anterior margin of the pericardium

Question 2

Name the posterior border of the middle mediastinum

Answer 2

Posterior border of the mediastinum

Question 3

Name the lateral border of the middle mediastinum

Answer 3

Mediastinal pleura of the lungs

Question 4

Name the superior border of the middle mediastinum

Answer 4

Transverse thoracic plane of Ludwig

Question 5

Name the inferior border of the middle mediastinum

Answer 5

Thoracic surface of the diaphragm

Question 6

Name the two layers of the pericardium

Answer 6

Fibrous pericardium and
Serous pericardium (which has two sub-layers)

Question 7

Which structure restricts excesssive movements of the heart?

Answer 7

The pericardium

Question 8

Which structure forms a lubricated container that allows the heart to contract and relax smoothly?

Answer 8

The pericardium

Question 9

Which structure limits cardiac distension?

Answer 9

The pericardium

Question 10

Which layer of the pericardium prevents overexertion and overfilling of the heart?

Answer 10

Fibrous pericardium (the rigid outermost layer)

Question 11

The fibrous pericardium is supported by ligaments that fix the heart within mediastinum and limits its motion. These ligaments are?

Answer 11

Strong pericardiophrenic ligaments (attaches pericardium to the diaphragm)
Weak sternopericardial ligaments (connects anterior part of pericardium to posterior surface of the sternum)

Question 12

Which nerves lie on the surface of the fibrous pericardium?

Answer 12

Phrenic nerves

Question 13

Which vessels supply the fibrous pericardium?

Answer 13

The internal thoracic arteries.