Uworld Flashcards by Brittani Lowe

Q

Currant jelly stools with sausage-shaped abdominal mass

A

Intussusception

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Q

Target sign on ultrasound

A

Intussusception

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Q

____________ is thought to cause hypertrophy of Peyer’s patches serving as a nidus for telescoping in Intussusception

A

Gastroenteritis

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Q

Increases risk of Intussusception due to formation of small bowel hematoma from autoimmune vasculitis

A

HSP

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Q

Treatment for pinworm

A

Albendazole or pyrantel pamoate

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Q

Enterobius vermicularis

A

Pinworm

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Q

Trypanosoma cruzi

A

Chagas’ disease

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Q

Mainly affects heart (cardiomyopathy, RBBB) and GI tract (megacolon, mega esophagus)

A

Chagas

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Q

Treated with benznidazole

A

Chagas (trypanosoma cruzi)

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Q

First line treatment for strongyloides

A

Ivermectin

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Q

Presents with urticaria, abdominal pain, and respiratory probs (dry cough, SOB, and wheezing)

A

Strongyloides

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Q

Onchocerciasis is also known as

A

River blindness

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Q

Causes ocular lesions and dermatitis

A

River blindness

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Q

River blindness is treated with

A

Ivermectin

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Q

Acute dysentery with liver abscess

A

Amebiasis

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Q

Green-yellow, frothy, malodorous discharge

A

Trichomonas vaginitis

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Q

Treat trichomonas vaginitis and amebiasis with

A

Metronidazole

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Q

Antimalarial drug used to treat chloroquine-resistant malaria

A

Quinine

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Q

Recurrent sinus, pulmonary, and GI infections since 6 months

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A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia)

Q

See absence of lymphoid tissue (small tonsils and LNs)

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A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia)

Q

Decreased immunoglobulins and B cells, but normal T cells

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A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia)

Q

No response to vaccinations

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A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia)

Q

Give immunoglobulin replacement or prophylactic antibiotics

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A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia)

Q

Caused by a defect in tyrosine kinase that prevents development of mature B cells

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A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia)

Impaired T cell development causing severe combined immunodeficiency

Adenosine deaminase deficiency

Severe, recurrent viral, fungal, and bacterial infections. FTT

Adenosine deaminase deficient

Increased risk of disseminated bacterial infections with encapsulated bacteria (strep pneumo, neisseria)

Complement deficiencies

Occurs in chronic Granulomatous disease

Impaired oxidative burst

Recurrent skin, sinus, and pulmonary infections with catalase + organisms (staph aureus, Serratia)

Impaired oxidative burst in chronic Granulomatous disease

Consistent with DiGeorge (22q11 micro deletion)

Thymic hypoplasia

Thymic hypoplasia with DiGeorge may cause

Hypocalcemia

See cardiac defects, FTT, recurrent infections, and hypocalcemia

Thymic hypoplasia with DiGeorge

Within 30 mins-4 days ssee abdominal pain, vomiting (maybe hematemesis), diarrhea (maybe Melena), Hypotensive shock from bleeding, and metabolic acidosis

Iron ingestion

Within 2 days get hepatic necrosis

Iron ingestion

Within 2-8 wks get pyloric stenosis

Iron ingestion

See radiopaque (small opacities) pills and anion gap metabolic acidosis

Iron ingestion

Treat with whole bowel irrigation, deferoxamine, and supportive care for breathing, airway, and circulation

Iron ingestion

Erosive to the GI mucosa causing Melena and hematemesis

Iron ingestion

Causes nausea and vomiting, but pts remain asymptomatic within 24 hrs of ingestion

Acetaminophen

Tinnitus, fever, hyperpnea (resp. Alkalosis), and metabolic acidosis

Aspirin

Chronic process seen on routine lab screening. Most children are asymptomatic

Lead poisoning

Nausea, vomiting, and blurry vision

Overdose of Vit A

Chronic toxicity LEDs to increased ice (pseudo tumor cerebri)

Vit A overdose

Vitamin B12 (riboflavin) is a

Water soluble vitamin

Hypercalcemia. Nausea, vomiting, confusion, polyuria, and polydipsia

Vit D overdose

Can cause hemolytic anemia and high bilirubin

Vit K overdose