UWorld Micro

Question 1

Name the live attenuated vaccines:

*all others are non-live (toxoid, subunit, conjugate, inactivated) vaccines

Answer 1

• polio (oral)
• measles/mumps/rubella
• rotavirus
• influenza (intranasal)
• yellow fever
• varicella zoster

Question 2

What is a bacteria that is a gram positive rod with tumbling motility that can cause meningitis in immunocompromised people?

Answer 2

Listeria. Grows well in cool temperatures and can grow on refrigerated food. Transmitted through eating these contaminated foods.

Question 3

Name some diseases transmitted by arthropod bites, and the corresponding arthropod

Answer 3

• Leishmaniasis (Sandfly bite)
• Plasmodium/malaria (Anopheles mosquito bite)
• Chagas disease (Reduviid bug bite)
• Borrelia burgdorferi/Lyme disease (Ixodes tick bite)

Question 4

what is a common virulence factor of some microbes that is used to make non-live vaccines?

Answer 4

• capsular polysaccharide

Question 5

what are the 2 types of meningitis vaccines?

Answer 5

• quadrivalent conjugate vaccine: Capsular polysaccharide antigens (from serotypes A, C, Y, and W) of N meningitidis are fused to a diptheroid toxin carrier, which presents MHC to T cells and provides a stronger response
• serotype B- uses recombinant proteins