Neurology-USMLE > UWorld Question Analysis > Flashcards

UWorld Question Analysis Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Alzheimer dementia clinical features ?

A
  1. Anterograde memory loss
  2. Immediate recall affected
  3. Distant memories preserved
  4. Language difficulties
  5. Visospatial defictis
  6. Lost in own neighborhood
  7. Cognitive impairment with progressive decline
  8. Urinary incontinence
  9. Hallucination s
  10. Wandering
  11. Dyspraxia
  12. Difficulty performing learned motor tasks 4
  13. Non cognitive neurologic deficits
  14. Pyramidal and extra pyramidal motor
  15. Myoclonus
  16. Seizures
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2
Q
  1. Occipital headache
  2. Neck stiffness
  3. Vomiting
  4. Nausea
  5. Nystagmus
  6. Ipsilateral hemiataxia

Dx ?

A

Intraparenchymal hemorrhage in the right cerebellar hemispheres

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3
Q

Intraparenchymal hemorrhage patient have risk of—-

A
  1. Brain embolism
  2. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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4
Q

Cerebellar hemorrhage site ?

A
  1. Basal ganglia
  2. Thalamus
  3. Pons
  4. Cerebellar nuclei
  5. Cerebral cortex
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5
Q

Cerebellar hemorrhage patient -which findings is most ;likely to be seen in this patient ?

A

Right cerebellar hemispheres =Right hemiataxia

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6
Q
  1. Patient neglect one side of body in which disease ?
A

Hemineglect syndrome

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7
Q

Hemineglect syndrome which lobe ?

A

Non dominant parietal lobe - spatial organization

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8
Q
  1. Patient comb left side head
  2. Shave left side of face
  3. Left handed writing ?
A

Hemineglect syndrome

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9
Q

Occipital lobe disturbance results in —

A

Visual disturbance

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10
Q

A frontal cortex lesion leads to —

A

Hemiparesis

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11
Q

Left temporal lobe involvement leads to –

A

Receptive aphasia

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12
Q
  1. Autoantibodies against nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
  2. Fluctuating
  3. Fatigable proximal muscle weakness
  4. Ocular-Diplopia Ptosis
  5. Bulbar -Dysphagia Dysarthria
  6. Resolves with rest

Dx ?

A

Myasthenia gravis

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13
Q

Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis ?

A

CT Scan of chest

THYMOMA

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14
Q

Treatment of myasthenia gravis ?

A

Thyrectomy

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15
Q

Causes of exacerbatrions of Myasthenia gravis ?

A
  1. Beta blocker
  2. MgSO4
  3. Penicillamine
  4. Infection
    5.Aminoglycosides
    6.Fluroquinolones
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16
Q

CSF analysis & MRI of brain is doen in which disease ?

A

Multiple sclerosis

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17
Q

Cervical spine imaging is done in which disease ?

A

Cervical spondylosis

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18
Q

Myasthenia gravis site ?

A

Motor end plate in NMJ

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19
Q
  1. Difficulty in holding up head
  2. Difficulty combing hair
  3. Muscle weakness

Dx ?

A

Myasthenia gravis

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20
Q

Motor cortex lesion example ?

A

Stroke

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21
Q

Motor neuron axon lesion-Demyelination ?

A

Guillain barre syndrome

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22
Q

Autoimmune demyelination of the white matter tracts in the CNS ?

A

Multiple sclerosis

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23
Q
  1. Past multiplee sclerosis
  2. Neuroimaging -new area of demyelination
  3. Urinary urgency & incontinence ?

Dx ?

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute MS exacerbation

24
Q

Acute MS exacerbation management ?

Study These Flashcards
A

Glucocorticoid
Methyl prednislone

25
MS + Spasticity Treatment ?
Baclofen
26
If in acute MS exacerbation patient is refractory to corticosteroid therapy then what ?
Plasmapheresis
27
Progressive form of MS / Secondary form of MS -Managment ?
Interferon beta
28
1. Right leg pain & numbness 2. Burning pain= Lateral aspect = Right thigh 3. Obese 4. Tight belts and clothing Dx ?
Meralgia paresthetica
29
Meralgia paresthetica which nerve ?
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
30
If sensory symptoms arise in Medial thigh which nerve ?
Obturator nerve
31
Sensory symptoms arise in posterolateral leg ans dorsolateral foot - which nerve ?
Common peroneal nerve
32
1. Double vision=Diplopia 2. numbness 3. ataxia 4. dizziness + vertigo Dx ?
Multiple sclerosis
33
1. Affected eye (Ipsilateral to lesion ) in unable to adduct 2. Contraletaral eye abduct with nystagmus Dx ?
Internuclear opthalmoplegia
34
Internuclear opthalmoplegia damage which site ?
Medial longitudinal fasciculus
35
Ipsilateral fixed and dilated pupil + Nonreactive to light or accommodation ?
Edinger westphal nucleus damage
36
Optic nerve lesion ?
Monocular vision loss
37
Optic chiasm lesion ?
Bitemporal hemianopsia
38
Trochlear nerve plasy lesion ?
Vertical diplopia + Affected eye looks down and toward the nose (Walking downstairs,Reading books )
39
1. Shaking of hands 2. Disappears with purposeful activity 3. Occurs during rest Dx ?
Early stage of parkinson disease
40
Parkinson disease Tx ?
Anticholinergic agent-Trihexyphenidyl Adult-Amantadine
41
During rest-No tremor Activity-Tremor start Dx ?
Essential tremor
42
Essential tremor Tx ?
Beta blocker-Propanolol + Primidone Limb tremor + ET = Clonazepam
43
1. Visual hallucination - A lion in the room 2. Spontaneous parkinsonism 3. Fluctuating cognition 4. Dopamine antagonists=Risperidone =Aggravtes stiffness
Dementia with lewy bodies
44
Examination-Asked to close eyes - Strwtch out arms with the palms facing up = Then left arm involuntarily drifts downward and the palm turns towrds the floor Dx ?
Pyramidal tract lesion
45
Pyramidal tract lesion Dx exam ? | Pronation > Supination
Prnotor drift
46
Arms to the sides Eyes closed Stand with there feet together Which test ?
Romberg test
47
Romberg test for which disease ?
Propioception evaluation
48
1. Patient-Valproic acid using 2. Encephalopathy 3. Confusion 4. Lehtargy 5. Bradykinesia 6. Asterixis Dx ?
Drug induced hyperammonemia
49
Ischemic stroke Drug ?
Aspirine
50
Stroke + Atrial fibrillation = Tx ?
Long term anticoagulation Dabigatran warfarin
51
1. Fallen down in several occasion = Initial injury 2. Headache 3. Somnolence 4. Confusion 'Focal neurologic defictis Dx >?
Subdural hematoma
52
Subdural hematoma Dx ?
Head CT -Crescent shaped hyperdensity acute or hypodensity chronic crossing suture lines
53
AIDS defining malignancy ?
1. Kaposi sarcoma=Human herpes virus 8 2. Invasive cervical Ca = Human papilloma Virus 3. Non hodgkin lymphoma = Epstein Bar Virus 4. Primary CNS lymphoma = Epstein Bar Virus
54
1. Untreated AIDS 2. Ring enhancing lesion on brain on Brain MRI 3. CSF PCR is + for EPV 4. Seizure Dx ?
Primary CNS lymphoma
55
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