o Dorsal forearm or ventral forearm.
o Sites at least two fingers’ width from the wrist.
o Assess distal veins first to preserve proximal options.
o Dorsal hand veins (avoid thumb area).
o Antecubital area (only as a last resort; aim for veins two fingers’ width away from flexion points).
Avoid
o Sclerotic, damaged, or tortuous veins.
o Veins in areas of flexion, inflammation, or previous infiltration.
o Veins in extremities with edema, AV fistula, or compromised circulation.