Velopharyngeal System- Normal Function

Question 1

Levator Veli Palintini

Answer 1

• lifts up the velum

Question 2

Superior Laryngeal Constrictor

Answer 2

• bunches up, adds bulk- back and side of the pharyngeal walls

Question 3

Hypernasality

Answer 3

• inappropriate addition to the nasal cavity
• Assess: no nasals : how are you , we were away

Question 4

Hyponasality

Answer 4

• lack of nasal resonance on sounds that should be nasal
  Assess: nasal sounds (momma made me…)

Question 5

Assimilative Nasality

Answer 5

• addition of percieved nasal resonance on non-nasal sounds when surrounded by nasal sounds
• Assess: nasal sounds (momma made me…)

Question 6

Nasal-Air Emission

Answer 6

• abnormal and audible air escape through nasal passage
• Assess: high pressure sounds (peter piper picked…)

Question 7

Cul-De-Sac Resonance

Answer 7

• air has no where to go
• posterior tongue retraction
  -Assess: front sound (tea time)

Question 8

Development

Answer 8

• young children
• growth of soft tissues faster than bony structure
• can cause sleep apnea

Question 9

Velopharyngeal Incompetence

Answer 9

• tissues present but does’t function due to lack of inneravation
• Treatment: Palatal Lift (props up velum)

Question 10

Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

Answer 10

• not enough tissues present to make closure
• Treatment: palatal obturator (fills the space)

Question 11

Normal Nasalance Values

Answer 11

• <28%
• > 30% - mod-severe nasality

Question 12

Most typical closure

Answer 12

• coronal- velar elevation