Venous Duplex

Question 1

What are the capabilities of a venous duplex?

Answer 1

Location of disease,
acute vs chronic DVT,
Partial vs complete

Question 2

What is the patient position for a venous duplex?

Answer 2

Reversed trendelenburg

Question 3

How is B-mode performed in a venous duplex?

Answer 3

w/ & w/o compression

Question 4

What does the color on a venous duplex display?

Answer 4

Full filling of vessel & directionality

Question 5

What does the PW doppler display on a venous duplex?

Answer 5

Waveform morphology

Question 6

What is the patient position for the venous insufficiency exam?

Answer 6

Reverse trendelenburg & standing

Question 7

What must be performed during a venous insufficiency exam?

Answer 7

Valsalva maneuver or proximal compression to stress valves

Question 8

What is the normal interpretation of a venous duplex?

Answer 8

Coaptation,
vessel fully filled with color,
phasic spontaneous
& augment

Question 9

What is the normal interpretation of a venous insufficiency exam?

Answer 9

No reflux when standing or during valasalva prox compression

Question 10

What is coaptation?

Answer 10

Veins fully compress r/o thrombus

Question 11

What is reflux?

Answer 11

Retrograde flow during valsalva maneuver

Question 12

Acute DVT sonographic characteristic?

Answer 12

anechoic to hypoechoic
larger
spongy texture
& incompressible

Question 13

Subacute DVT sono appearance?

Answer 13

Hypoechoic to echogenic

Question 14

What is Superficial thrombophlebitis?

Answer 14

Superficial vein is thrombosed

Question 15

With acute DVT B mode appears how?

Answer 15

Incompressible vessel, dilated & dark

Question 16

How does acute DVT color appear?

Answer 16

No signal or trace amount along the walls

Question 17

With acute DVT continuous doppler indicates what?

Answer 17

Proximal obstruction

Question 18

No augmentation W/ distal compression indicates?

Answer 18

distal DVT

Question 19

No augmentation w/ prox release indicates?

Answer 19

Prox obstruction

Question 20

Chronic DVT sonographic appearance?

Answer 20

Smaller vessel size,
thicker walls,
hyperechoic striation
& linear bands scattered w/i vessel

Question 21

With chronic DVT B-mode appears how?

Answer 21

Partial compressibility, smaller vessel & hyperechoic

Question 22

How does chronic DVT color appear?

Answer 22

Flow recanalizes throughout vessel, patchy color flow

Question 23

Collaterals may be seen with what kind of DVT?

Answer 23

Chronic

Question 24

With chronic DVT how does doppler appear?

Answer 24

May be normal or reflux

Question 25

Venous insufficiency is what?

Answer 25

Valvular incompetent

Question 26

What are the maneuvers done during the venous insufficiency exam?

Answer 26

Valsalva

Question 27

What is the purpose in doing the maneuvers during a venous insufficiency exam?

Answer 27

Add pressure or stress on valves

Question 28

What is the Reflux lasting value?

Answer 28

>0.5sec = venous insufficiency

Question 29

Normal valve closure is what?

Answer 29

0.5sec

Question 30

How are varicose veins evaluated during a venous insufficiency exam?

Answer 30

Compressible, augmented flow during valsalva or prox compression

Question 31

Abnormal perforating veins measure what?

Answer 31

>3mm = venous insufficiency

Question 32

Perforating veins normal flow direction is what?

Answer 32

Blue or negative

Question 33

Perforating veins abnormal flow?

Answer 33

Red during valsalva= venous insufficiency

Question 34

What are the additional findings during a venous duplex?

Answer 34

Lymph nodes, edema, joint effusion & bakers cyst

Question 35

Lymph nodes are usually found where?

Answer 35

Groin

Question 36

Lymph nodes sono appearance?

Answer 36

Hypoechois w/ echogenic hilum

Question 37

Lymph nodes abnormal value?

Answer 37

>2cm

Question 38

What is edema?

Answer 38

Fluid found infiltrating tissue

Question 39

What is joint effusion?

Answer 39

Fluid at joint anterior to bone

Question 40

What is a baker's cyst?

Answer 40

Cyst filled w/ synovial fluid in medial pop fossa

Question 41

Portal vein normal sono appearance?

Answer 41

Hepatopedal, minimally phasic almost continuous

Question 42

What is portal hypertension?

Answer 42

Increased pressure in portal system

Question 43

What is the most likely cause of portal hypertension?

Answer 43

Cirrhosis or other chronic liver disease

Question 44

Portal hypertension abnormal sono appearance?

Answer 44

Heptofugal PV flow, abdominal varices, dilated coronary vein & recanalized paraumbilical vein

Question 45

Abdominal varices caused by portal hypertension may be found where?

Answer 45

Spleen, stomach & esophagus

Question 46

Hepatic veins normal sono appearance?

Answer 46

Hepatofugal & triphasic

Question 47

What is budd-chiari?

Answer 47

Occlusion of hepatic veins & possible IVC

Question 48

Enlargement of hepatic veins & IVC caused by what?

Answer 48

Rt sided heart failure

Question 49

Tumor inside the IVC indicates what?

Answer 49

Invasion from renal cell carcinoma

Question 50

What is the normal PV velocity?

Answer 50

b/w 20-40cm/s