Vision 1/2

Question 1

Sclera

Answer 1

White of the eye, opaque, fibrough outer sheather that offers protection

Question 2

Cornea

Answer 2

• Made of similar fiber, dome-shaped lens that is transparent, which allows light to pass through

Question 3

Iris

Answer 3

• Determines your eye colour
• Controls diamtere of the pupil, permiting for optimal amount of light to enter the eye

Question 4

Lens

Answer 4

• Responsible for most of the remaining focusing ability of te eye after the cornea.
• The curvature can be altered such that imates are brought into focus based on how far away they are.
• This process is called accomodation where the lens will get rounder to produce a clear image of a close object; when the lens elongates, the your eye is producing image of a far away object.

Question 5

Hyperopia (farsightedness)

Answer 5

If there is a refraction error, the light rays may be focused hind or front of the retina, meaning the image will be out of focus
- One can see distant objects with relative ease, but closer objects appear blurry because the light is focused to a hypothetical location behind the retina.
- Tend to have a slightly shorter eye length
- Less curved lense

Question 6

Myopia
(nearsightedness)

Answer 6

• One can usually see closer objects wit hease, but distant objects appear blurry because the light is focused to a hypothetical location in front of the retina
• tend to have a slightly longer eye length
• More curved lens

Question 7

Retina

Answer 7

• Found at the back of the eye where light is converted into electrical signals.

Question 8

Photoreceptors

Answer 8

• The first layer of the eye closest to the very back
• Detects light and pass this information on to the next layer
• Note the strange order of events: light must first pass through ganglion cells, horizontal cells, amacrine cells, and bipolar cells before striking the photoreceptors that start the whole process.

Question 9

Bipolar cells

Answer 9

• Section after the photoreceptor

Question 10

Ganglion cells

Answer 10

• Relay the singlas onto the brain

Question 11

Rods

Answer 11

• Responsible for low light vision because they they contain photopigment sensitive to light.
• Total loss would produce night blindness
• Provides no colour information and offer poor visiual acuity
• Useful in the peripheral vision.

Question 12

Cones

Answer 12

• Responsible for photopic vision and contails photopigments that are less sensitive to light.
• There are 3 different types of cones each to maximize a certain wavelength of light (blue, red and green)
• Referted to as chromatic because it grants us the ability to percieve colour.

Question 13

Fovea

Answer 13

• Exclusively populated with cones, thus achieving maximal visual acuity.
• Rods are absent from the fovea but densely packed across most of the retina, especially around the periphery of the fovea.

Question 14

Optic disk

Answer 14

• No photorecpetors at all
• Instead made up of axons from the ganglion cells that are needed to carry signasl from the retina to the brain.
• Refered to as the blind spot, where our vision field foes entirely uncaptured.

Question 15

Dark adaptation

Answer 15

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