vitamins

Question 1

do vitamins have energy value

Answer 1

vitamins do not have energy value

Question 2

why does the body need an appropriate amount of vitamins

Answer 2

the body needs to obtain an appropriate amount of vitamins from food to maintain normal function of cells + organs, promote growth and development, regulate metabolism, and strengthen immunity

Question 3

properties of fat soluble vitamins

Answer 3

vitamins ADEK can be dissolved in fats / absorbed w fats in the diet
excess fat soluble vitamins are stored in the liver

Question 4

properties of water soluble vitamins

Answer 4

vitamins BC can dissolve in water
excess water soluble vitamins are excreted thru urine

Question 5

what vitamins can be destroyed under strong light

Answer 5

vitamins AC + some B can be destroyed under strong light (store foods rich in these vitamins in dim light / fridge)

Question 6

what vitamins can be destroyed under heat

Answer 6

vitamin C + some B can be destroyed under heat (avoid soaking food in water / cooking for too long)

Question 7

functions of vitamin a

Answer 7

• helps in production of rhodopsin in the retina which is important for night vision
• promotes growth and development
• keeps cornea, skin lining of the alimentary canal and breathing system healthy

Question 8

functions of vitamin d

Answer 8

• promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus to maintain bone growth /
• aintains balance of calcium in blood

Question 9

functions of vitamin c

Answer 9

• helps with iron absorption to produce haemoglobin
• maintaining healthy skin + gums
• healing of wounds
• help produce collagen and maintain the health of blood vessels, connective tissue and cartilage
• acts as antioxidant
• maintain normal function of immune system

Question 10

functions of vitamin e

Answer 10

• acts as an antioxidant to protect cell membranes from oxidative damage
• maintains normal function of immune system

Question 11

foods containing vitamin A

Answer 11

• dairy products
• fish liver oil
• food containing carotenoids (carrots, spinach, broccoli etc)

Question 12

foods containing vitamin C

Answer 12

• citrus fruits
• broccoli
• guava
• kiwi
• tomatoes

Question 13

foods containing vitamin D

Answer 13

• milk
• fish liver oil
• liver
• oily fish
• skin also produces vitamin D in sunlight

Question 14

foods containing vitamin E

Answer 14

• plant oils
• nuts
• seeds
• dark green vegetables

Question 15

deficiency dieases for vitamin A

Answer 15

• night blindness (poor vision in dim light)
• epithelial tissue keratinisation
• retarded growth
• drying up of cornea and skin
• easy infection of the lining of the lungs and trachea

Question 16

deficiency diseases for vitamin C

Answer 16

scurvy (gums bleed + tooth loss + fatigue + bone pain)

Question 17

deficiency diseases for vitamin D

Answer 17

• rickets in children (soft and bent bones)
• osteomalacia in adults (softening of bones)

Question 18

deficiency diseases for vitamin E

Answer 18

haemolytic anaemia in infants

Question 19

overdose of vitamin A

Answer 19

• dry skin
• hair loss
• liver damage

Question 20

overdose of vitamin C

Answer 20

diarrhoea

Question 21

overdose of vitamin D

Answer 21

high calcium levels in blood + urine => increased risk of calcification of soft tissue

Question 22

overdose of vitamin E

Answer 22

• headache
• dizziness
• fatigue