Volcanoes

Question 1

what are the two eruption types?

Answer 1

• explosive and effusive

Question 2

what is an effusive eruption?

Answer 2

type of volcanic eruption characterised by the gentle flow of lava onto the earths surface

Question 3

what magma type comes from effusive erutptions?

Answer 3

basaltic and low silica

Question 4

what volcano type is linked to effusive eruptions?

Answer 4

shield volcano

Question 5

what is an explosive eruption?

Answer 5

• involve violent fragmentation of magma, resulting in the ejection of ash, gas etc

Question 6

what is the magma type of explosive volcanoes?

Answer 6

high viscocity silica rich magma

Question 7

what volcano type is made from explosive eruption?

Answer 7

stratovolcano

Question 8

what volcano rocks are linked to explosive erutpiions

Answer 8

andesites and rhyolites

Question 9

what is the hazard pyroclastic flow?

Answer 9

ejection of hot gases and particles long way up and out in the atmosphere at fast speeds

Question 10

what are lateral blasts?

Answer 10

a highly destructive sideways volcanic explosion where hot gas, ash, and rock are expelled horizontally rather than vertically.

Question 11

what are debris avalanches?

Answer 11

a rapid, gravity-driven collapse of a volcano’s flank, producing a fast-moving mass of rock, soil, and volcanic material.

Question 12

what are lahars?

Answer 12

volcanic mudflows or slurries of volcanic sediment which flow off the flanks of volcanoes

Question 13

what gases are released during a volcanic eruption?

Answer 13

mainly of co2, water vapour, minor amounts of toxic gases including sulphur dioxide (SO2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), carbonyl sulphide (COS), the hydrogen halides (HCl, HF) and carbon monoxide (CO)

Question 14

what are the main 3 hazards of volcanoes?

Answer 14

• pyroclastic flows
• lateral blasts
• debris avalanches

Question 15

can you predict volcanic eruptions?

Answer 15

seismicity due to the change in magmatic movement below earths surface