What are VORs?
- Ground based stations maintained by Nav Canada
- At one point there was 450 of them but, like NDBs, they are slowly being phased out
- Each station broadcasts a unique frequency and Morse code identifyer
In this picture, what are the lines coming out of the VOR radial marked 223° and 312°?
Airways
On this VNC map, what is the VOR info?
- Identifier is ROX
- Frequency is 108.8
What does a VOR look like on a Lo Chart?
What is a DME and what are the two symbols on maps for when a DME is combined with a VOR?
Distance Measuring Equipment
What is a TACAN?
Something else we can use for distance info (but we can’t pick up its radials, only military can use the radials on a TACAN)
What is the difference between a VOR, a VORTAC, and a VOR/DME?
- A VOR will give you only radials
- A VORTAC or VOR/DME combo will give both radials and distance information
In what frequency range do VORs operate and what are the pros of them?
- VHF range of 112.00 - 117.95 Mhz
- At these frequencies all the troubles that NDBs have don’t affect VOR signals
- VORs are accurate +/-1°
What are the disadvantages of VORs?
Signals are ling of sight so obstacles can interfere with them easily
What is the formula for figuring out if you will be able to recieve a VOR signal?
The answer you get is the biggest distance away that you could recieve the VOR. So as long as the distance given in the question is less than your answer, you can receieve the VOR
What is important to remember about Victor Airways like on this map?
V303 does not mean the airway is on the VOR’s 303° radial. 303 is just the name of the airway. V303 is actually on the 202° radial
If travelling between two VORs which one do you use?
The one you departed from you will fly ‘from’ on. At the halfway point, or where there is a changeover marker on the Lo Chart, you would switch over and fly ‘to’ your destination VOR
What does the 4000 means where its indicated on the V303 airway?
That if you stay at least 4000ASL you will get both of those VOR signals.
The Nav/VOR side of the radio
VOR Indicator
How many degrees does each line on a VOR represent off your radial?
2°. With a max of 10° off
What are the 5 ways you can test a VOR?
- VOT
- Self Test
- Apron Check Sign
- Dual VOR Check
- Geographical Reference Point
VOR VOT Test
VOR Self Test
VOR Apron Checkpoint test
Dual VOR test
VOR Landmark Test
How do you calculate time and distance to a station?
- Note radial you are on
- Turn onto a heading that is 90° to that radial
- Not the time in seconds that it takes for you to cross a given number of radials
Time to Station (Min) = Seconds to cross radials / radials crossed
Distance to Station = TAS X Time to Station (min) / 60
Note: Either TAS or GS can be used for this equation.
